TB mHealth Study - Use of Cell Phones to Improve Compliance in Patients on LTBI Treatment

• Successful completion of LTBI treatment regimens. [ Time Frame: 4 or 9 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  Successful treatment completion is defined as taking at least 80% of the doses of INH prescribed within 12 months or at least 80% of the disease of RIF prescribed within 6 months.
  
  

1. Purpose

   The purpose of this study is to compare the proportion of patients who are adherent to their TB medications among those receiving weekly text messages plus standard of care and those who receive standard of care only.

2. Justification:

   Previous research has shown that weekly text messages from a health care provider increases medication adherence for HIV patients. The investigators would like to determine if a similar effect in terms of adherence can be seen in patients receiving medication for latent tuberculosis infection

3. Objectives

Primary Objective:

1) To compare successful treatment completion rates for patients treated with either 9 months of INH or 4 months of RIF between those receiving weekly SMS text messages via mobile phone plus standard of care to those receiving standard care. The standard of care at the TB clinics for all LTBI patients includes provision of a 30 day supply of medications - either isoniazid 300mg daily for 9 months or rifampin 600mg daily for 4 months - at a time, monthly blood-work and monthly clinic visits. Successful treatment completion is defined as taking at least 80% of the doses of INH prescribed within 12 months or at least 80% of the disease of RIF prescribed within 6 months.

Secondary Objectives:

1. To compare the proportion of prescribed doses taken on schedule (daily adherence) prior to medication discontinuation or interruption on medical advice between those receiving weekly SMS text messages via mobile phone to those receiving standard care;
2. To measure patient satisfaction with the SMS intervention using a provider administered questionnaire including a series of Likert questions.

4) Research Method

This study is a prospective open-label multicentre randomized controlled trial of a clinical intervention. It is estimated that 486 study participants will be required to have 80% power to detect a 15% difference in adherence at a .05 level of significance. In addition to recruiting English-speaking participants, the investigators will also be recruiting participants that have Chinese and Punjabi as their first language.

Upon consent, participants will be randomly assigned to receive either 1) standard of care (9 months of INH or 4 months of RIF) and weekly SMS text messages via mobile phone or 2) standard of care (9 months of INH or 4 months of RIF) without weekly SMS text messages via mobile phone.

The clinicians, pharmacists and researchers involved in evaluating compliance will not be blinded to the allocation of the intervention and control groups, as they will be required to review patients charts periodically, respond to patients text messages when they are experiencing difficulty in taking medications or side effects, as well as to ensure the successful operation of the SMS technology platform.