Rapid HIV Testing and Counseling

• Receipt of HIV test results [ Time Frame: One month post-randomization ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Number of risky sexual behaviors [ Time Frame: Six months post-randomization ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  

• Use of injection drugs [ Time Frame: Six months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  

This is a randomized controlled clinical trial in which individuals receiving drug abuse treatment will be recruited to participate in a multi-center HIV testing and counseling study. The purpose of this study is to assess the relative effectiveness of three HIV testing strategies on increasing receipt of HIV test results: (1) on-site HIV rapid testing with brief, participant-tailored prevention counseling, (2) on-site HIV rapid testing with information only, and (3) referral for off-site HIV testing. The study will also assess the effectiveness of the three testing strategies in reducing HIV sexual risk behaviors. Injection drug risk behavior will be a secondary outcome. Participants will complete a baseline assessment to report their demographics, HIV testing history and sexual and drug-using risk behaviors, and will be randomized to one of three groups. At one month post-randomization, participants will complete a follow-up assessment to determine whether or not they received their HIV test results. At six months post-randomization, participants will complete a follow-up assessment to assess any changes in their HIV sexual risk behaviors.