RAD001 (Everolimus), an ester of the macrocytic immunosuppressive agent sirolimus (rapamycin, Rapamune™), is an orally administered cell cycle inhibitor with antitumor properties. RAD001 is approved in Europe as an immunosuppressive agent in patients who have received a prior solid organ transplant. RAD001 specifically inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a Ser/Thr kinase involved in the initiation of mRNA translation. RAD001 inhibits the growth of a wide range of histologically diverse tumor cells. RAD001 is being developed as a cytostatic agent to delay the time to tumor recurrence/progression or to increase survival in patients with various malignancies. Key features of this compound include its good tolerability, unique mechanism of action, ability to arrest cells in the G1 phase, and ability to induce apoptosis. As mTOR-related messengers, particularly PI3K, AKT, p70S6K kinase and 4E-BP1, are known to be both constitutively activated in the hematologic malignancies and to mitigate against the activity of current anti-leukemia therapy, RAD001 is an important agent to study in these disorders.
Objectives:
Primary: To establish the safety and activity of RAD001 in patients with advanced, relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, acute lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myeloid leukemia in blastic-phase, agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (myelofibrosis), chronic lymphocytic leukemia, T-cell leukemia, and mantle cell lymphoma.
Secondary:
- To establish survival, time to progression, time to treatment failure, duration of response, in patients on study.
- To conduct laboratory studies relating the investigational agent RAD001 to its cellular targets including analyses of p70S6K and 4E-BP1, effect of RAD001 in leukemia cells with altered mitochondrial respiration, and sequential assays of activity of AKT/mTOR and AKT/ßcatenin pathways.