• Objective response rate; time to disease progression; duration of response; survival; toxicities [ Time Frame: After all patients completed treatment ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  

• To determine time to disease progression [ Time Frame: After all patients have completed treatment ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  

Drug: S-8184 Paclitaxel Injectable Emulsion Drug: Experimental Arm: TOCOSOL Paclitaxel
Doses of 80, 100 and 120mg/m2

The goals of this study are to determine the objective response rate, to determine time to disease progression, duration of response, and survival, and to identify the maximum tolerated weekly dose and principal toxicities of S-8184 in this patient population.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Histologic diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium including renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, or urethra
• Locally advanced with lymph node disease(unresectable T3-4, N+, M0); metastatic (T any, N any, MI); or locally recurrent disease following initial definitive therapy
• One and only one prior systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy regimen (note that intravesical treatments are not included in the definition of systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy)
• Failure of first line systemic chemotherapy with a platinum-containing combination regimen consisting of MVAC or cisplatin/gemcitabine with cisplatin dosed at 60 mg/m2 or higher per cycle
• Adult (18 years of age or older) patients
• Adequate hematologic function (ANC greater than 1500 cells/mm3 and platelets greater than 100,000/mm3)
• Serum creatinine less than 2.0 mg/dL
• Total bilirubin less than 1.5 mg/dL; SGOT and SGPT less than 3 times the upper limit of institutional normal values
• ECOG performance status of 0 - 2
• Bidimensional measurable disease
• Patients who have signed an IRB / Ethics Committee approved informed consent
• Life expectancy at least 12 weeks
• Patient has fully recovered from any previous surgery (at least 4 weeks since major surgery)
• Patient has a negative pregnancy test prior to study entry if premenopausal. (Patients of child bearing potential must use a medically effective form of contraception during the treatment.)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients who have received any taxane-containing preparation including Taxol (paclitaxel) or Taxotere (docetaxel)
• Patients with intracranial metastases
• Females who are pregnant or lactating
• Patients with peripheral neuropathy NCI-CTC grade 2 or greater
• Patients who have received wide-field radiation, cytotoxic chemotherapy or hormonal therapy within 4 weeks of study entry; or mitomycin or nitrosoureas within 6 weeks of study entry
• Patients who have had an investigational agent within 4 weeks of study entry
• Patients receiving concurrent anticonvulsants known to induce P450 isoenzymes