A Study of Chemotherapy Plus ddI or ddC in the Treatment of AIDS-Related Kaposi's Sarcoma

Inclusion Criteria

Concurrent Medication:

Required:

• Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia for all patients with CD4 cell counts < 200 cells/mm3.

Allowed:

• Chemoprophylaxis for candidiasis, MAC, and herpes simplex.
• Up to 14-day courses of metronidazole.
• Recombinant erythropoietin.
• Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) for patients with ANC < 1000 cells/mm3.
• Isoniazid for treatment of tuberculosis, with permission of the protocol chair, when given in conjunction with pyridoxine.

Patients must have:

• HIV infection.
• Kaposi's sarcoma.

For patients < 18 years of age:

• consent of parent or guardian.

Exclusion Criteria

Co-existing Condition:

Patients with the following symptoms or conditions are excluded:

• Opportunistic infection requiring treatment with myelosuppressive antibiotics (unless on G-CSF or GM-CSF).
• Other active malignancies except basal cell carcinoma of the skin or in situ cervical carcinoma.
• Prior history or current clinical evidence of peripheral neuropathy (= or > grade 1), pancreatitis, intractable diarrhea, or active seizure disorder not controlled by antiseizure medication.
• Significant pulmonary insufficiency (exertional dyspnea with minimal exertion, except that due to pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma) or cardiac insufficiency (New York Heart Association status > 2).
• Neuropsychiatric history or altered mental status that would prevent informed consent or that would not permit compliance with this protocol.

Concurrent Medication:

Excluded:

• Myelosuppressive antibiotics (unless on G-CSF or GM-CSF).
• Investigational agents other than drugs available on treatment IND and used for FDA sanctioned indications, or other antiviral, immunomodulating or antitumor drugs.
• Drugs associated with peripheral neuropathy (other than ddI, ddC, or vincristine), including hydralazine, disulfiram, nitrofurantoin, cisplatin, diethyldithiocarbamate, gold, rifampin, chloramphenicol, clioquinol, ethambutol, ethionamide, glutethimide, sodium cyanate, and thalidomide.

Patients with the following prior conditions or symptoms are excluded:

• Neuropsychiatric history or altered mental status that would prevent informed consent or that would not permit compliance with this protocol.

Prior Medication:

Excluded:

• Systemic treatment with doxorubicin, bleomycin, or vincristine.
• Antitumor (Kaposi's sarcoma) drugs within 7 days of study entry.
• Any investigational drug (other than drugs available on treatment IND and used for FDA sanctioned indications) within 14 days of study entry.
• Neurotoxic drugs (other than ddI or ddC) within 30 days of study entry.
• Intralesional injections to a Kaposi's sarcoma marker lesion within 30 days of study entry.

Prior Treatment:

Excluded:

• Irradiation of a Kaposi's sarcoma marker lesion within 30 days of study entry.

Alcohol consumption is strongly discouraged.