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Evaluation of the Interaction Between High Dose Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim and Zidovudine
This study has been completed.
First Received: November 2, 1999   Last Updated: August 22, 2008   History of Changes
Sponsored by: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Information provided by: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00000734
  Purpose

To determine if the pharmacokinetics of high doses of zidovudine (AZT) (that is, how fast AZT reaches the blood, what concentration of AZT is attained in the blood, and how long AZT remains in the blood) changes from day to day in the same patient. Also to determine whether the pharmacokinetics of AZT is changed when trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SMX/TMP) is given at the same time, or whether the pharmacokinetics of SMX/TMP is altered by AZT given at the same time. AZT has been effective in treating HIV infection in some patients with AIDS, and SMX/TMP is an antibiotic combination which is useful in preventing or treating Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). It is important to know how drugs interact in patients because addition of a second drug may change the speed at which a drug is eliminated from the body, and cause increased toxic effects or decreased therapeutic effects.


Condition Intervention
HIV Infections
Drug: Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim
Drug: Zidovudine

Study Type: Interventional
Study Design: Treatment, Open Label
Official Title: Evaluation of the Interaction Between High Dose Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole and Zidovudine

Resource links provided by NLM:


Further study details as provided by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID):

Estimated Enrollment: 10
Detailed Description:

AZT has been effective in treating HIV infection in some patients with AIDS, and SMX/TMP is an antibiotic combination which is useful in preventing or treating Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). It is important to know how drugs interact in patients because addition of a second drug may change the speed at which a drug is eliminated from the body, and cause increased toxic effects or decreased therapeutic effects.

Patients with HIV infection take AZT every 4 hours and/or SMX/TMP every 8 hours by mouth for 4 days as outpatients and then come into the clinical research center for 2 days of studies. On day 5 the final dose of medicine is given orally SMX/TMP or by intravenous infusion (AZT). Blood samples are drawn 10-20 times over a period of 12 hours and urine is collected for 36 hours. Concentrations of the drugs in the blood and urine samples are determined. This sequence is repeated twice, so that each patient takes AZT alone, SMX/TMP alone, and the combination of AZT and SMX/TMP over a period of about 3 weeks. Patients may be included in the study if they are asymptomatic, or have been diagnosed with ARC or AIDS, but not if they have PCP or any other severe opportunistic infection.

  Eligibility

Ages Eligible for Study:   18 Years to 50 Years
Genders Eligible for Study:   Both
Accepts Healthy Volunteers:   No
Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

Prior Medication:

Allowed:

  • Zidovudine (AZT) for patients with AIDS.
  • AIDS related complex (ARC). The presence of any one of the following findings within 12 months prior to entry and the absence of a concurrent illness or condition other than HIV infection to explain the findings:
  • Fever of > 38.5 degrees C persisting for longer than 3 weeks.
  • Involuntary weight loss of > 15 lbs. or > 10 percent of baseline noted in a 120-day period prior to evaluation.
  • Diarrhea (> 2 liquid stools per day) persisting for longer than 1 month.
  • History of clinical diagnosis of oral candidiasis or hairy leukoplakia.
  • Patients who have AIDS-associated opportunistic infections or tumors.
  • Patients eligible for AZT under the labeling.
  • A positive HIV antibody test. Exceptions will be made for patients with a previously positive HIV antibody test with progressive disease and patients where virus isolation has been made.
  • Patient with stable Kaposi's sarcoma, mild herpes infection, mild or stable depression, asymptomatic or mild cytomegalovirus or Epstein-Barr virus infection, or a hepatitis B virus carrier state will be acceptable for study.
  • A life expectancy of at least 3 months.

Exclusion Criteria

Co-existing Condition:

Patients with the following are excluded:

  • Severe ongoing opportunistic infections including Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), cryptococcal or toxoplasmosis meningo-encephalitis, disseminated herpes simplex or herpes zoster.
  • Significant diarrhea at entry ( > 1 watery stool per day).

Concurrent Medication:

Excluded:

  • Phenytoin.

Prior Medication:

Excluded within 30 days of study entry:

  • Other antiretroviral agents or immunomodulating agents.
  • Patient has demonstrated prior sensitivity or has experienced significant adverse effects during prior therapy with the drugs to be used in the study.
  • Patient cannot abstain from alcohol or any other drugs, including nonprescription medication, during the study period.
  Contacts and Locations
Please refer to this study by its ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00000734

Locations
United States, Pennsylvania
Univ of Pittsburgh Med School
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
Sponsors and Collaborators
Investigators
Study Chair: Ptachcinski R
  More Information

Additional Information:
Publications:
Canas E, Pachon J, Viciana P, Garcia-Pesquera F, Castillo JR, Jimenez-Mejias ME. Effect of trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole on zidovudine kinetics in HIV infected patients. Program Abstr Intersci Conf Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1994 Oct 4-7:168

Study ID Numbers: ACTG 037
Study First Received: November 2, 1999
Last Updated: August 22, 2008
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00000734     History of Changes
Health Authority: United States: Federal Government

Keywords provided by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID):
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Combination
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections
Pneumonia, Pneumocystis carinii
Drug Interactions
Drug Therapy, Combination
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
AIDS-Related Complex
Zidovudine
Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim

Study placed in the following topic categories:
Antimetabolites
Opportunistic Infections
Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral
Trimethoprim
Folate
Zidovudine
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Combination
Vitamin B9
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Pneumonia, Pneumocystis
Antimalarials
Anti-Retroviral Agents
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections
Retroviridae Infections
Anti-HIV Agents
Sulfamethoxazole
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
AIDS-Related Complex
Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary
Folinic Acid
Folic Acid Antagonists
Antiviral Agents
Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
Virus Diseases
Folic Acid
HIV Infections
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Pneumonia

Additional relevant MeSH terms:
Antimetabolites
Anti-Infective Agents
Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral
Trimethoprim
Antiprotozoal Agents
Slow Virus Diseases
Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action
Zidovudine
Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Combination
Infection
Renal Agents
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Antimalarials
Antiparasitic Agents
Anti-Retroviral Agents
Therapeutic Uses
Retroviridae Infections
Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors
RNA Virus Infections
Anti-HIV Agents
Sulfamethoxazole
Immune System Diseases
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Enzyme Inhibitors
Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary
Folic Acid Antagonists
Antiviral Agents
Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
Pharmacologic Actions
Virus Diseases

ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on July 02, 2009