Phase II Study of Metastatic Melanoma With Lymphodepleting Conditioning and Anti-gp100:154-162 TCR Gene Engineered Lymphocytes

• Clinical Tumor Regression. [ Time Frame: 20 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  Clinical tumor regression was assessed by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). Complete response (CR) is a disappearance of all target lesions. Partial response (PR) is at least a 30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter (LD) of target lesions taking as reference the baseline sum LD. Progressive disease (PD) is at least a 20% increase in the sum of LD of target lesions taking as reference the smallest sum LD recorded since the treatment started or the appearance of one or more new lesions. Stable disease (SD)is neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR nor sufficient increase to qualify for PD taking as references the smallest sum LD.
  
  

• Toxicity [ Time Frame: 6 years ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
  Here is the number of participants with adverse events. For a detailed list of adverse events, see the adverse event module.
  
  

Background:

• We have engineered human tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) to express a T-cell receptor that recognizes an HLAA 0201 restricted epitope derived from the gp100 protein.
• We constructed a single retroviral vector that contains both Alpha and Beta chains and can mediate genetic transfer of this TCR with high efficiency (greater than 30 percent) without the need to perform any selection.
• In co-cultures with HLA-A*0201 positive melanoma gp100:154-162 TCR transduced T cells secreted significant amount of IFN-Beta (but no significant secretion was observed in control co-cultures with cell lines.
• gp100:154-162 TCR transduced T-cells could efficiently kill HLA-A*0201 positive tumors. There was little or no recognition of normal fibroblasts cells.
• This TCR is over 10 times more reactive with melanoma cells than the MART-1 TCR that mediated tumor regression in two patients with metastatic melanoma.

Objectives:

Primary objectives:

-Determine if the administration of anti-gp100:154-162 TCR-engineered peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) or tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and aldesleukin to patients following a nonmyeloablative but lymphoid depleting preparative regimen will result in clinical tumor regression in patients with metastatic melanoma.

Secondary objectives:

• Determine the in vivo survival of TCR gene-engineered cells.
• Determine the toxicity profile of this treatment regimen.
• Determine whether treated patients develop anti-mouse TCR antibody.

Eligibility:

Patients who are HLA-A*0201 positive and 18 years of age or older must have

• metastatic melanoma;
• previously received and have been a non-responder to or recurred after aldesleukin
• normal values for basic laboratory values.

Patients may not have:

• concurrent major medical illnesses;
• any form of primary or secondary immunodeficiency;
• severe hypersensitivity to any of the agents used in this study;
• contraindications for high dose aldesleukin administration.

Design:

• If TIL can be obtained and grown but are non-reactive, patients will be assigned to receive TIL transduced with the anti-gp100:154-162 TCR retroviral vector. If TIL cannot be obtained, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) will be obtained by leukapheresis (approximately 5 times 10(9) cells) and cultured in the presence of anti-CD3 (OKT3) and aldesleukin and transduced with the antigp100:154-162 TCR retroviral vector. If TIL cells are reactive to autologous tumor or major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-matched tumor cells or PBL cannot be grown, patients will not be treated on this protocol.
• Transduction is initiated by exposure of approximately 10(8) to 5 times 10(8) cells to supernatant containing the anti-gp100:154-162 TCR retroviral vector. These transduced cells will be expanded and tested for their anti-tumor activity.
• Once engineered lymphocytes are demonstrated to be biologically active according to the strict criteria outlined in the Certificate of Analysis, patients will receive a nonmyeloablative but lymphocyte depleting preparative regimen consisting of cyclophosphamide and fludarabine followed by intravenous infusion of ex vivo tumor reactive, TCR gene-transduced PBMC plus IV aldesleukin (720,000 IU/kg q8h for a maximum of 15 doses).
• Patients will undergo complete evaluation of tumor with physical examination, CT (computed tomography) of the chest, abdomen and pelvis and clinical laboratory evaluation four to six weeks after treatment and then monthly for approximately 3 to 4 months or until off study criteria are met.
• The study will be conducted using a phase II optimal design where initially 21 evaluable patients will be enrolled into each of two cohorts. If 0 or 1 of the 21 patients per cohort experiences a clinical response, then no further patients will be enrolled but if 2 or more of the first 21 evaluable patients enrolled in that cohort have a clinical response, then accrual to that cohort will continue until a total of 41 evaluable patients have been enrolled in that cohort.
• The objective will be to determine in two cohorts if the combination of high dose aldesleukin, lymphocyte depleting chemotherapy, and anti-gp100:154-162 TCR-gene engineered lymphocytes (TIL and PBL) is able to be associated with a clinical response rate that can rule out 5 percent (p0=0.05) in favor of a modest 20 percent PR (partial response) plus CR (complete response) rate (p1=0.20).