Vitamin A to Reduce HIV in Vaginal Secretions and Prevent Viral Transmission
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Purpose
HIV infected individuals with vitamin A deficiency may be more likely to transmit the virus to others than HIV infected individuals who have normal levels of vitamin A. The presence of HIV DNA in vaginal secretions may indicate a greater risk for transmission of HIV to others. The purpose of this study is to determine if taking vitamin A decreases the level of HIV DNA in vaginal secretions.
| Condition | Intervention | Phase |
|---|---|---|
|
HIV Infections Vitamin A Deficiency HIV Seronegativity |
Drug: Vitamin A |
Phase 2 |
| Study Type: | Interventional |
| Study Design: | Allocation: Randomized Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment Masking: Double-Blind Primary Purpose: Prevention |
| Official Title: | Prevention of HIV Shedding in Women - Trial of Vitamin A |
| Estimated Enrollment: | 400 |
Vitamin A deficiency leads to pathological changes in mucosal epithelium, including the vagina, and is correlated with immune dysfunction in both HIV-1 infected and uninfected individuals. Recent studies of genital tract shedding of HIV-1 DNA in infected women have found that lower serum concentrations of vitamin A were strongly associated with detection of HIV-1 in vaginal secretions. In addition, maternal vitamin A deficiency has been associated with significantly increased risk of vertical HIV-1 transmission. This study will assess the effect of vitamin A supplementation on the prevalence and quantity of HIV-1 DNA and RNA in cervical and vaginal secretions.
Participants in this study will be HIV infected nonpregnant women in Mombasa, Kenya. Participants will be randomized to receive 6 weeks of daily dosage of either 10,000 IU vitamin A or placebo. Cervical and vaginal swabs will be obtained at enrollment and at Week 6 for detection and quantification of HIV-1 DNA and RNA. In addition, venous blood will be obtained at the two time points for quantification of plasma HIV-1 RNA, CD4 lymphocyte count, and serum vitamin A levels.
Eligibility| Genders Eligible for Study: | Female |
| Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria:
- HIV infected
Exlusion Criteria:
- Pregnant
Contacts and Locations More Information
No publications provided
| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00053612 History of Changes |
| Other Study ID Numbers: | R01AI343844, R01-AI343844 |
| Study First Received: | February 3, 2003 |
| Last Updated: | September 17, 2007 |
| Health Authority: | United States: Federal Government |
Keywords provided by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID):
|
HIV-1 Women Vitamin A Shedding |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
|
HIV Infections Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Vitamin A Deficiency Night Blindness Lentivirus Infections Retroviridae Infections RNA Virus Infections Virus Diseases Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral Sexually Transmitted Diseases Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes Immune System Diseases Slow Virus Diseases Avitaminosis Deficiency Diseases |
Malnutrition Nutrition Disorders Vision Disorders Eye Diseases Vitamin A Vitamins Retinol palmitate Micronutrients Growth Substances Physiological Effects of Drugs Pharmacologic Actions Antioxidants Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Protective Agents Anticarcinogenic Agents |
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on May 16, 2013