Minocycline for HIV+ Cognitive Impairment in Uganda

This study has been terminated.

(The Neurologic AIDS Research Consortium Data Safety and Monitoring Board committee recommended to terminate the study early due to futility on 11/6/2009.)

Sponsor:

Collaborator:

Makerere University

Information provided by:

Johns Hopkins University

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:

NCT00855062

First received: March 2, 2009

Last updated: January 28, 2011

Last verified: January 2011

History of Changes

Results First Received: December 17, 2010

Study Type:	Interventional
Study Design:	Allocation: Randomized; Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study; Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment; Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor); Primary Purpose: Treatment
Conditions:	HIV-associated Cognitive Impairment HIV Infections
Interventions:	Drug: minocycline Drug: minocycline placebo capsule

Participant Flow

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Recruitment Details

Key information relevant to the recruitment process for the overall study, such as dates of the recruitment period and locations
The recruitment period was from Mar 2008 to Oct 2009 when the study was stopped early (Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) decision based on futility) on Nov 2009. The study participants were recruited from the Infectious Disease Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.

Pre-Assignment Details

Significant events and approaches for the overall study following participant enrollment, but prior to group assignment
Total of 353 participants were screened; only 73 were randomized and thus 280 were not enrolled: 146 of them did not have cognitive impairment, 55 of them lacked laboratory inclusion criteria, and 79 of them had "others".

Reporting Groups

	Description
Minocycline	Minocycline 100 mg orally every 12 hours
Placebo	Placebo minocycline capsules every 12 hours

Participant Flow for 2 periods

Period 1: Step1

	Minocycline	Placebo
STARTED	36	37
COMPLETED	26	26
NOT COMPLETED	10	11
Early Study Closure	5	7
Adverse Event	1	1
Protocol Violation	1	0
Pregnancy	1	0
Withdrawal by Subject	2	3

Period 2: Step2

	Minocycline	Placebo
STARTED	19 ^[1]	21 ^[2]
COMPLETED	13	15
NOT COMPLETED	6	6
Early Study Closure	6	2
Adverse Event	0	3
Initiation of antiretroviral therapy/ART	0	1

[1]	26 participants completed STEP1; however, only 19 out of the 26 decided to enroll in STEP2.
[2]	26 participants completed STEP1; however, only 21 out of the 26 decided to enroll in STEP2.

Baseline Characteristics

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Reporting Groups

	Description
Minocycline	Minocycline 100 mg orally every 12 hours
Placebo	Placebo minocycline capsules every 12 hours
Total	Total of all reporting groups

Baseline Measures

	Minocycline	Placebo	Total
Number of Participants [units: participants]	36	37	73
Age [units: participants]
<=18 years	0	0	0
Between 18 and 65 years	36	37	73
>=65 years	0	0	0
Age [units: years] Mean ± Standard Deviation	37.3 ± 8.21	36.7 ± 7.17	37.0 ± 7.66
Gender [units: participants]
Female	34	32	66
Male	2	5	7
Region of Enrollment [units: participants]
Uganda	36	37	73
Baseline Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Dementia Scale ^[1] [units: Participants]
Equivocal/subclinical	35	37	72
Mild	1	0	1
Baseline Cluster of Differentiation Four (CD4) Count [units: cells/mm^3] Median ( Full Range )	319 ( 251 to 469 )	305 ( 252 to 500 )	313 ( 251 to 500 )
Baseline Log10(Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) Viral Load (VL)) [units: copies/mL] Log Mean ( Inter-Quartile Range )	4.41 ( 4.09 to 4.94 )	4.59 ( 4.12 to 5.25 )	4.50 ( 4.10 to 5.10 )
Baseline Karnofsky's Performance Score ^[2] [units: Participants]
80 (Karnofsky Score)	1	2	3
90 (Karnofsky Score)	35	34	69
100 (Karnofsky Score)	0	1	1
Baseline Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) ^[3] [units: Participants]
Primarily cognitive problems	1	0	1
Primarily physical problems	6	2	8
Not having any difficulties on the tasks	29	35	64
Baseline Overall Neurological Assessment [units: Participants]
Normal neurological assessment	26	30	56
Central Nervous System (CNS) abnormality only	4	5	9
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) abnormality only	4	1	5
CNS and PNS abnormality	1	1	2
Can not assess	1	0	1
Baseline Uganda Neuropsychological Test Battery Summary measure (U NP Sum) ^[4] [units: z-scores] Mean ± Standard Deviation	-0.97 ± 0.78	-0.97 ± 0.86	-0.97 ± 0.82
WHO-UCLA Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT): Trials Total ^[5] [units: z-scores] Mean ± Standard Deviation	-1.28 ± 0.88	-1.48 ± 1.14	-1.38 ± 1.02
WHO-UCLA Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT): Delayed ^[6] [units: z-scores] Mean ± Standard Deviation	-1.17 ± 0.79	-1.15 ± 1.18	-1.16 ± 1.00
Color Trails 1 ^[7] [units: z-scores] Mean ± Standard Deviation	-1.35 ± 2.03	-1.65 ± 3.03	-1.51 ± 2.60
Color Trails 2 ^[7] [units: z-scores] Mean ± Standard Deviation	-2.55 ± 2.07	-2.33 ± 2.05	-2.44 ± 2.05
Grooved Pegboard Dominant ^[8] [units: z-scores] Mean ± Standard Deviation	-0.34 ± 1.58	-0.03 ± 1.14	-0.18 ± 1.37
Grooved Pegboard Non-dominant ^[8] [units: z-scores] Mean ± Standard Deviation	-0.56 ± 1.82	-0.48 ± 1.42	-0.52 ± 1.61
Symbol Digit ^[9] [units: z-scores] Mean ± Standard Deviation	-0.87 ± 0.96	-0.86 ± 0.80	-0.86 ± 0.88
Digit Span Backward ^[10] [units: z-scores] Mean ± Standard Deviation	-0.68 ± 0.75	-0.94 ± 1.06	-0.81 ± 0.93
Digit Span Forward ^[10] [units: z-scores] Mean ± Standard Deviation	0.02 ± 0.79	0.19 ± 0.99	0.11 ± 0.90

[1]	The Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) clinical scale was defined below: Stage 0: normal Stage 0.5: equivocal/subclinical Stage 1: mild Stage 2: moderate Stage 3: severe Stage 4: end stage
[2]	100:Normal,90:normal;Minor Signs or Symptoms of Disease,80:Normal Activity with Effort;Some Signs or Symptoms of Disease,70:Cares for Self,Unable to Carry on Normal Activity or to Do Active Work,60:Requires Occasional Assistance but is Able to Care for Most of Needs,50:Requires Considerable Assistance and Frequent Medical Care,40:Disabled,Requires Special Care and Assistance,30:Severely Disabled; Hospitalization Indicated Although Death is Not Imminent,20:Very Sick; Hospitalization Necessary;Active Supportive Treatment is Necessary,10:Moribund, Fatal Processes Progressing Rapidly,0:Death
[3]	16 tasks: Housekeeping,Managing Finances,Buying Groceries,Cooking,Planning Social Activities,Understanding Reading Materials/TV,Transportation,Using the Telephone,Home Repairs,Bathing,Dressing,Shopping,Laundry,Taking/Keeping Track of Medication,Child Care,Work. For the baseline IADL measure, participants were given four choices to choose for having difficulty on the 16 tasks:Primarily Cognitive problems,Primarily physical problems,equally cognitive and physical problems,not having any difficulties on previous tasks.
[4]	Uganda Neuropsychological Test Battery Summary measure (U NP Sum)is the average z-scores of the 9 neurupsychological tests:Grooved Pegboard Dominant Hand,Grooved Pegboard Non-dominant Hand,Color Trail1,Color Trail2,Symbol Digit,WHO/UCLA Verbal Learning Test Trial 5,WHO/UCLA Verbal Learning Test Delayed Recall,Digit Span-Forward,Digit Span-Backward Since the score depends on age and education levels, the raw score was standardized as follows: Zx =(x − μx)/σx where Zx is the age and education adjusted z-score, x is the raw score, and μx and σx are the age and education stratified norms.
[5]	World Health Organization-University of California Los Angeles (WHO-UCLA) Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) is a full-scale memory assessment. Since the score depends on age and education levels, the raw score was standardized as follows: Zx =(x − μx)/σx where Zx is the age and education adjusted z-score, x is the raw score, and μx and σx are the age and education stratified norms.
[6]	World Health Organization-University of California Los Angeles (WHO-UCLA) Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) is a memory assessment. Since the score depends on age and education levels, the raw score was standardized as follows: Zx =(x − μx)/σx where Zx is the age and education adjusted z-score, x is the raw score, and μx and σx are the age and education stratified norms.
[7]	The Color Trails tests measure speed of attention, sequencing, mental flexibility, visual search, and motor function. Since the score depends on age and education levels, the raw score was standardized as follows: Zx =(x − μx)/σx where Zx is the age and education adjusted z-score, x is the raw score, and μx and σx are the age and education stratified norms.
[8]	The grooved pegboard is a manipulative dexterity test requiring rapid visual-motor coordination. The test is completed using the dominant hand (GPD) and then using the non-dominant hand (GPN). The score for each hand is the time in seconds that the participant takes to complete the entire board. Since the score depends on age and education levels, the raw score was standardized as follows: Zx =(x − μx)/σx where Zx is the age and education adjusted z-score, x is the raw score, and μx and σx are the age and education stratified norms.
[9]	This test assesses the participant's ability to maintain rapid visual-motor sequencing in a timed test. The score is the total number of correctly transcribed numbers in the time limit (90 seconds). Participants receive 1 point for each item filled in correctly. Maximum score is 110 points. Since the score depends on age and education levels, the raw score was standardized as follows: Zx =(x − μx)/σx where Zx is the age and education adjusted z-score, x is the raw score, and μx and σx are the age and education stratified norms.
[10]	Digit span assesses attention, concentration, and mental control(e.g., Repeat the numbers 1-2-3 in reverse sequence). Since the score depends on age and education levels, the raw score was standardized as follows: Zx =(x − μx)/σx where Zx is the age and education adjusted z-score, x is the raw score, and μx and σx are the age and education stratified norms.

Outcome Measures

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1. Primary:

24-week Change of Uganda Neuropsychological Test Battery Summary Measure (U NP Sum) [ Time Frame: At baseline and week 24 ]

Measure Type	Primary
Measure Title	24-week Change of Uganda Neuropsychological Test Battery Summary Measure (U NP Sum)
Measure Description	The U NP Sum is defined as the average of z scores for 9 neuropsychological test subcomponents in the neuropsychological test battery (i.e. the average of norm-adjusted ("z") scores for Grooved Pegboard Dominant Hand, Grooved Pegboard Non-dominant Hand, Color Trails 1, Color Trails 2, Symbol Digit, WHO-UCLA Verbal Learning test Trial 5, WHO-UCLA Verbal Learning test delayed recall, Digit Span forward and Digit Span backward). The outcome is defined as U NP Sum at week 24 - U NP Sum at baseline.
Time Frame	At baseline and week 24
Safety Issue	No

Population Description

Explanation of how the number of participants for analysis was determined. Includes whether analysis was per protocol, intention to treat, or another method. Also provides relevant details such as imputation technique, as appropriate.
The descriptive statistics are based on per protocol analysis. For the statistical analysis, ITT analysis was used and the missing U NP Sums at week 24 were imputed using a multiple regression imputation method. The number of participants analyzed for the ITT analysis was 73 (36 for Minocycline and 37 for Placebo).

Reporting Groups

	Description
Minocycline	Minocycline 100 mg orally every 12 hours
Placebo	Placebo minocycline capsules every 12 hours

Measured Values

	Minocycline	Placebo
Number of Participants Analyzed [units: participants]	30	29
24-week Change of Uganda Neuropsychological Test Battery Summary Measure (U NP Sum) [units: z-score] Mean ± Standard Deviation	0.44 ± 0.74	0.49 ± 0.67

Statistical Analysis 1 for 24-week Change of Uganda Neuropsychological Test Battery Summary Measure (U NP Sum)

Groups ^[1]	All groups
Method ^[2]	Regression, Linear
P Value ^[3]	0.370
Slope ^[4]	-0.026
Standard Error of the mean	± 0.248
95% Confidence Interval	( -0.512 to 0.460 )

[1]	Additional details about the analysis, such as null hypothesis and power calculation:
	The null hypothesis was that the 24-week changes of U NP Sum between the minocycline and placebo groups are the same. The sample size calculation showed that 100 (50 participants in each group) were required to detect the clinically meaningful difference of 0.5 with 85% power, 0.05 Type I error, two-sample and two-sided test.
[2]	Other relevant information, such as adjustments or degrees of freedom:
	No text entered.
[3]	Additional information, such as whether or not the p-value is adjusted for multiple comparisons and the a priori threshold for statistical significance:
	The p-value was not adjusted for multiple comparisons.
[4]	Other relevant estimation information:
	No text entered.

2. Secondary:

24-week Change of Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) HIV Dementia Stage [ Time Frame: At baseline and week 24 ]

Measure Type	Secondary
Measure Title	24-week Change of Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) HIV Dementia Stage
Measure Description	The outcome is a new dichotomous variable: no change/worse vs. better at 24 weeks compared to baseline.
Time Frame	At baseline and week 24
Safety Issue	No

Population Description

Explanation of how the number of participants for analysis was determined. Includes whether analysis was per protocol, intention to treat, or another method. Also provides relevant details such as imputation technique, as appropriate.
The descriptive statistics were based on observed data. Since all participants reported there were no change in the MSK score at week 24, no statistical test was conducted.

Reporting Groups

	Description
Minocycline	Minocycline 100 mg orally every 12 hours
Placebo	Placebo minocycline capsules every 12 hours

Measured Values

	Minocycline	Placebo
Number of Participants Analyzed [units: participants]	28	27
24-week Change of Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) HIV Dementia Stage [units: participants]
No Change/Worse	28	27
Better	0	0

No statistical analysis provided for 24-week Change of Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) HIV Dementia Stage

3. Secondary:

24-week Change of Karnofsky Performance Score [ Time Frame: At baseline and week 24 ]

Measure Type	Secondary
Measure Title	24-week Change of Karnofsky Performance Score
Measure Description	The outcome is a new dichotomous variable: no change/worse vs. better at 24 weeks compared to baseline.
Time Frame	At baseline and week 24
Safety Issue	No

Population Description

Explanation of how the number of participants for analysis was determined. Includes whether analysis was per protocol, intention to treat, or another method. Also provides relevant details such as imputation technique, as appropriate.
This analysis includes the participants with Karnofsky performance score at baseline and week 24.

Reporting Groups

	Description
Minocycline	Minocycline 100 mg orally every 12 hours
Placebo	Placebo minocycline capsules every 12 hours

Measured Values

	Minocycline	Placebo
Number of Participants Analyzed [units: participants]	32	31
24-week Change of Karnofsky Performance Score [units: percentage of participants]
No Change/Worse	97	94
Better	3	6

Statistical Analysis 1 for 24-week Change of Karnofsky Performance Score

Groups ^[1]	All groups
Method ^[2]	Fisher Exact
P Value ^[3]	0.613
Median Difference (Net) ^[4]	0.053
95% Confidence Interval	( 0.043 to 0.062 )

[1]	Additional details about the analysis, such as null hypothesis and power calculation:
	The null hypothesis is that the percentage of participants feeling "better" in the minocycline group after 24 week treatment is the same as the one in the placebo group.
[2]	Other relevant information, such as adjustments or degrees of freedom:
	No text entered.
[3]	Additional information, such as whether or not the p-value is adjusted for multiple comparisons and the a priori threshold for statistical significance:
	The p-value is not adjusted for multiple comparisons.
[4]	Other relevant estimation information:
	No text entered.

4. Secondary:

Time From Treatment Initiation to the Development of a Grade ≥ 2 Toxicity and/or Sign and Symptoms. [ Time Frame: Time of initial Grade ≥ 2 toxicity and/or sign and symptom event up to week 24 ]

Measure Type	Secondary
Measure Title	Time From Treatment Initiation to the Development of a Grade ≥ 2 Toxicity and/or Sign and Symptoms.
Measure Description	The outcome is the time to first Grade ≥ 2 toxicity and/or sign and symptoms from study treatment initiation up to week 24. The grade was determined by clinicians and an Grade ≥ 2 event means moderate, severe, life-threatening, or death event.
Time Frame	Time of initial Grade ≥ 2 toxicity and/or sign and symptom event up to week 24
Safety Issue	Yes

Population Description

Explanation of how the number of participants for analysis was determined. Includes whether analysis was per protocol, intention to treat, or another method. Also provides relevant details such as imputation technique, as appropriate.
This analysis includes every randomized participants. A total of 21 minocycline and 20 placebo participants reported at least one Grade ≥ 2 toxicity and/or sign and symptoms during 24 weeks

Reporting Groups

	Description
Minocycline	Minocycline 100 mg orally every 12 hours
Placebo	Placebo minocycline capsules every 12 hours

Measured Values

	Minocycline	Placebo
Number of Participants Analyzed [units: participants]	36	37
Time From Treatment Initiation to the Development of a Grade ≥ 2 Toxicity and/or Sign and Symptoms. [units: participants with an event]
0-4 weeks	12	10
4.01 - 12 weeks	6	7
12.01 - 24 weeks	3	3

Statistical Analysis 1 for Time From Treatment Initiation to the Development of a Grade ≥ 2 Toxicity and/or Sign and Symptoms.

Groups ^[1]	All groups
Method ^[2]	Log Rank
P Value ^[3]	0.661

[1]	Additional details about the analysis, such as null hypothesis and power calculation:
	The null hypothesis is that the survival curve for the first Grade ≥ 2 toxicity and/or sign and symptoms in the minocycline group is the same as the one in the placebo group.
[2]	Other relevant information, such as adjustments or degrees of freedom:
	No text entered.
[3]	Additional information, such as whether or not the p-value is adjusted for multiple comparisons and the a priori threshold for statistical significance:
	The p-value is not adjusted for multiple comparisons.

5. Secondary:

Time From Treatment Initiation to the Development of a Grade ≥ 2 Toxicity and/or Sign and Symptoms [ Time Frame: Time of first Grade ≥ 2 toxicity and/or sign and symptom event up to 48 weeks ]

Measure Type	Secondary
Measure Title	Time From Treatment Initiation to the Development of a Grade ≥ 2 Toxicity and/or Sign and Symptoms
Measure Description	The outcome is the time of first Grade ≥ 2 toxicity and/or sign and symptoms from treatment initiation up to 48 weeks. The grade was determined by clinicians and an Grade ≥ 2 event means moderate, severe, life-threatening, or death event.
Time Frame	Time of first Grade ≥ 2 toxicity and/or sign and symptom event up to 48 weeks
Safety Issue	Yes

Population Description

Explanation of how the number of participants for analysis was determined. Includes whether analysis was per protocol, intention to treat, or another method. Also provides relevant details such as imputation technique, as appropriate.
This analysis includes every randomized participants. A total of 22 minocycline and 21 placebo participants reported at least one Grade ≥ 2 toxicity and/or sign and symptoms during 48 weeks.

Reporting Groups

	Description
Minocycline	Minocycline 100 mg orally every 12 hours
Placebo	Placebo minocycline capsules every 12 hours

Measured Values

	Minocycline	Placebo
Number of Participants Analyzed [units: participants]	36	37
Time From Treatment Initiation to the Development of a Grade ≥ 2 Toxicity and/or Sign and Symptoms [units: participants with an event]
0-4 weeks	12	10
4.01-12 weeks	6	7
12.01-24 weeks	3	3
24.01-48 weeks	1	1

Statistical Analysis 1 for Time From Treatment Initiation to the Development of a Grade ≥ 2 Toxicity and/or Sign and Symptoms

Groups ^[1]	All groups
Method ^[2]	Log Rank
P Value ^[3]	0.941

[1]	Additional details about the analysis, such as null hypothesis and power calculation:
	The null hypothesis is that the 48-week survival curve for the first Grade ≥ 2 toxicity and/or sign and symptoms in the minocycline group is the same as the one in the placebo group.
[2]	Other relevant information, such as adjustments or degrees of freedom:
	No text entered.
[3]	Additional information, such as whether or not the p-value is adjusted for multiple comparisons and the a priori threshold for statistical significance:
	The p-value is not adjusted for multiple comparisons.

6. Secondary:

24-week Change of CD4 Cell Counts [ Time Frame: At baseline and week 24 ]

Measure Type	Secondary
Measure Title	24-week Change of CD4 Cell Counts
Measure Description	The outcome is defined as CD4 cell count at week 24 - CD4 cell count at baseline. The unit is cells/mm^3.
Time Frame	At baseline and week 24
Safety Issue	No

Population Description

Explanation of how the number of participants for analysis was determined. Includes whether analysis was per protocol, intention to treat, or another method. Also provides relevant details such as imputation technique, as appropriate.
This analysis used the participants with CD4 cell counts at baseline and week 24.

Reporting Groups

	Description
Minocycline	Minocycline 100 mg orally every 12 hours
Placebo	Placebo minocycline capsules every 12 hours

Measured Values

	Minocycline	Placebo
Number of Participants Analyzed [units: participants]	29	28
24-week Change of CD4 Cell Counts [units: cells/mm^3] Mean ± Standard Deviation	-25.28 ± 70.85	-28.57 ± 61.65

Statistical Analysis 1 for 24-week Change of CD4 Cell Counts

Groups ^[1]	All groups
Method ^[2]	Regression, Linear
P Value ^[3]	0.647
Mean Difference (Net) ^[4]	8.11
Standard Error of the mean	± 17.63
95% Confidence Interval	( -27.23 to 43.45 )

[1]	Additional details about the analysis, such as null hypothesis and power calculation:
	The null hypothesis is that the mean 24-week change of CD4 cell counts in the minocycline group is the same as the one in the placebo group.
[2]	Other relevant information, such as adjustments or degrees of freedom:
	The model was adjusted for the baseline CD4 counts.
[3]	Additional information, such as whether or not the p-value is adjusted for multiple comparisons and the a priori threshold for statistical significance:
	The p-value is not adjusted for multiple comparisons.
[4]	Other relevant estimation information:
	No text entered.

7. Secondary:

48-week Change of CD4 Cell Counts [ Time Frame: At baseline and week 48 ]

Measure Type	Secondary
Measure Title	48-week Change of CD4 Cell Counts
Measure Description	The outcome is defined as CD4 cell count at week 48 - CD4 cell count at baseline. The unit is cells/mm^3.
Time Frame	At baseline and week 48
Safety Issue	No

Population Description

Explanation of how the number of participants for analysis was determined. Includes whether analysis was per protocol, intention to treat, or another method. Also provides relevant details such as imputation technique, as appropriate.
This analysis used the participants with CD4 cell counts at baseline and week 48.

Reporting Groups

	Description
Minocycline	Minocycline 100 mg orally every 12 hours
Placebo	Placebo minocycline capsules every 12 hours

Measured Values

	Minocycline	Placebo
Number of Participants Analyzed [units: participants]	13	16
48-week Change of CD4 Cell Counts [units: cells/mm^3] Mean ± Standard Deviation	-61.15 ± 80.46	-56.50 ± 84.97

Statistical Analysis 1 for 48-week Change of CD4 Cell Counts

Groups ^[1]	All groups
Method ^[2]	Regression, Linear
P Value ^[3]	0.813
Mean Difference (Net) ^[4]	7.77
Standard Error of the mean	± 32.51
95% Confidence Interval	( -59.07 to 74.60 )

[1]	Additional details about the analysis, such as null hypothesis and power calculation:
	The null hypothesis is that the mean 48-week change in CD4 cell counts in the minocycline group is the same as the one in the placebo group.
[2]	Other relevant information, such as adjustments or degrees of freedom:
	The model was adjusted for the baseline CD4 counts.
[3]	Additional information, such as whether or not the p-value is adjusted for multiple comparisons and the a priori threshold for statistical significance:
	The p-value was not adjusted for multiple comparisons.
[4]	Other relevant estimation information:
	No text entered.

8. Secondary:

24-week Change of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living [ Time Frame: At baseline and week 24 ]

Measure Type	Secondary
Measure Title	24-week Change of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living
Measure Description	The outcome is a new dichotomous variable: no change/worse vs. better at 24 weeks compared to baseline.
Time Frame	At baseline and week 24
Safety Issue	No

Population Description

Explanation of how the number of participants for analysis was determined. Includes whether analysis was per protocol, intention to treat, or another method. Also provides relevant details such as imputation technique, as appropriate.
The analysis includes participants with IADL scores at baseline and week 24.

Reporting Groups

	Description
Minocycline	Minocycline 100 mg orally every 12 hours
Placebo	Placebo minocycline capsules every 12 hours

Measured Values

	Minocycline	Placebo
Number of Participants Analyzed [units: participants]	28	26
24-week Change of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living [units: percentage of participants]
No Change/Worse	86	88
Better	14	12

Statistical Analysis 1 for 24-week Change of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living

Groups ^[1]	All groups
Method ^[2]	Regression, Logistic
P Value ^[3]	0.764
Odds Ratio (OR) ^[4]	1.28
Standard Error of the mean	± 0.82
95% Confidence Interval	( 0.26 to 6.34 )

[1]	Additional details about the analysis, such as null hypothesis and power calculation:
	The null hypothesis is that the percentage of being "better" at week 24 compared to baseline in the minocycline group is the same as the one in the placebo group.
[2]	Other relevant information, such as adjustments or degrees of freedom:
	The model was not adjusted for any covariate (due to small number of being "better" in both groups.
[3]	Additional information, such as whether or not the p-value is adjusted for multiple comparisons and the a priori threshold for statistical significance:
	The p-value is not adjusted for multiple comparisons.
[4]	Other relevant estimation information:
	No text entered.

9. Secondary:

24-week Change of HIV RNA Plasma Viral Loads (Log10 Transformed) [ Time Frame: At baseline and week 24 ]

Measure Type	Secondary
Measure Title	24-week Change of HIV RNA Plasma Viral Loads (Log10 Transformed)
Measure Description	The outcome is the HIV RNA plasma viral loads (Log10 transformed) at week 24 - the viral loads (Log10 transformed) at baseline.
Time Frame	At baseline and week 24
Safety Issue	No

Population Description

Explanation of how the number of participants for analysis was determined. Includes whether analysis was per protocol, intention to treat, or another method. Also provides relevant details such as imputation technique, as appropriate.
The analysis includes participants with HIV RNA viral loads at baseline and week 24.

Reporting Groups

	Description
Minocycline	Minocycline 100 mg orally every 12 hours
Placebo	Placebo minocycline capsules every 12 hours

Measured Values

	Minocycline	Placebo
Number of Participants Analyzed [units: participants]	22	25
24-week Change of HIV RNA Plasma Viral Loads (Log10 Transformed) [units: copies/mL] Median ( Inter-Quartile Range )	0.22 ( -0.14 to 0.50 )	0.13 ( -0.23 to 0.43 )

Statistical Analysis 1 for 24-week Change of HIV RNA Plasma Viral Loads (Log10 Transformed)

Groups ^[1]	All groups
Method ^[2]	Kruskal-Wallis
P Value ^[3]	0.766

[1]	Additional details about the analysis, such as null hypothesis and power calculation:
	The null hypothesis is that the median log10-transformed HIV RNA viral loads in the minocycline group is the same as the one in the placebo group.
[2]	Other relevant information, such as adjustments or degrees of freedom:
	The chi-square score was 0.024 and the degree of freedom was 1.
[3]	Additional information, such as whether or not the p-value is adjusted for multiple comparisons and the a priori threshold for statistical significance:
	The p-value is not adjusted for multiple comparisons.

10. Secondary:

24-week Change of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Score [ Time Frame: At baseline and week 24 ]

Measure Type	Secondary
Measure Title	24-week Change of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Score
Measure Description	The outcome is the total CES-D score at week 24 - the total CES-D score at baseline. The total CES-D score is based on 20 CES-D items, such as "I was bothered by things that usually don't bother me" and "I did not feel like eating, my appetite was poor". Patients were asked to answer each item by 4 scales: (1) Rarely, (2) Sometimes, (3) Occasionally, and (4) Most of the time. After 4 negative items were multiplied by -1, the total CES-D score is a simple sum of all items. The min and Max are 0 and 60, respectively. Higher scores indicate more severe depressive symptoms.
Time Frame	At baseline and week 24
Safety Issue	No

Population Description

Explanation of how the number of participants for analysis was determined. Includes whether analysis was per protocol, intention to treat, or another method. Also provides relevant details such as imputation technique, as appropriate.
The analysis includes participants with CES-D scores at baseline and week 24.

Reporting Groups

	Description
Minocycline	Minocycline 100 mg orally every 12 hours
Placebo	Placebo minocycline capsules every 12 hours

Measured Values

	Minocycline	Placebo
Number of Participants Analyzed [units: participants]	31	28
24-week Change of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Score [units: scores on a scale] Mean ± Standard Deviation	-4.19 ± 10.86	-4.04 ± 8.27

Statistical Analysis 1 for 24-week Change of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Score

Groups ^[1]	All groups
Method ^[2]	Regression, Linear
P Value ^[3]	0.915
Mean Difference (Net) ^[4]	0.19
Standard Error of the mean	± 1.79
95% Confidence Interval	( -3.40 to 3.78 )

[1]	Additional details about the analysis, such as null hypothesis and power calculation:
	The null hypothesis is that the mean 24-week change of CES-D score in the minocycline group is the same as the one in the placebo group.
[2]	Other relevant information, such as adjustments or degrees of freedom:
	The model was adjusted for the baseline CES-D and MSK scores.
[3]	Additional information, such as whether or not the p-value is adjusted for multiple comparisons and the a priori threshold for statistical significance:
	The p-value is not adjusted for multiple comparisons.
[4]	Other relevant estimation information:
	No text entered.

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Certain Agreements:

Principal Investigators are NOT employed by the organization sponsoring the study.

There is NOT an agreement between Principal Investigators and the Sponsor (or its agents) that restricts the PI's rights to discuss or publish trial results after the trial is completed.

Limitations and Caveats

Limitations of the study, such as early termination leading to small numbers of participants analyzed and technical problems with measurement leading to unreliable or uninterpretable data
The estimated sample size was 100; however, due to early termination of the study, the total number of randomized participants was 73.

Results Point of Contact:

Name/Title: Sachiko Miyahara
Organization: Harvard School of Public Health
phone: 617-432-2837
e-mail: miyahara@sdac.harvard.edu

No publications provided

Responsible Party:	Ned Sacktor, MD, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:	NCT00855062 History of Changes
Other Study ID Numbers:	Uganda minocycline study, Grant Number: 5 UO1 NS32228
Study First Received:	March 2, 2009
Results First Received:	December 17, 2010
Last Updated:	January 28, 2011
Health Authority:	United States: Federal Government United States: NINDS appointed Data Safety Monitoring Committee for the Neurologic AIDS Research Consortium

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