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| Study Type: | Interventional |
|---|---|
| Study Design: | Randomized, Double Blind (Subject, Investigator), Active Control, Parallel Assignment |
| Condition: |
Heart Failure |
| Intervention: |
Device: Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) Device or Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) with CRT |
Participant Flow
| Key information relevant to the recruitment process for the overall study, such as dates of the recruitment period and locations |
|---|
| Patients were enrolled from September 2004 through September 2006 at 73 sites located in the United States, Canada, and Europe. |
| Significant events and approaches for the overall study following participant enrollment, but prior to group assignment |
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| A total of 684 patients were enrolled in the study. Of these, 642 patients were attempted for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) device implant. 21 were unsuccessful, leaving 621 patients successfully implanted with a CRT device. Of these 621 patients, 610 were randomized. |
| Description | |
|---|---|
| CRT OFF | Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) turned OFF in conjunction with optimal medical therapy |
| CRT ON | Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) turned ON in conjunction with optimal medical therapy |
| CRT OFF | CRT ON | |
|---|---|---|
| STARTED | 191 | 419 |
| COMPLETED | 191 | 419 |
| NOT COMPLETED | 0 | 0 |
Baseline Characteristics
| Description | |
|---|---|
| CRT OFF | Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) turned OFF in conjunction with optimal medical therapy |
| CRT ON | Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT) turned ON in conjunction with optimal medical therapy |
| CRT OFF | CRT ON | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Number of Participants [units: participants] |
191 | 419 | 610 |
|
Age [units: participants] |
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| <=18 years | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Between 18 and 65 years | 108 | 229 | 337 |
| >=65 years | 83 | 190 | 273 |
|
Age [units: years] Mean ± Standard Deviation |
61.8 ± 11.6 | 62.9 ± 10.6 | 62.5 ± 11.0 |
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Gender [units: participants] |
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| Female | 39 | 92 | 131 |
| Male | 152 | 327 | 479 |
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Region of Enrollment [units: participants] |
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| United States | 108 | 235 | 343 |
| Spain | 9 | 18 | 27 |
| Ireland | 1 | 4 | 5 |
| Austria | 2 | 4 | 6 |
| United Kingdom | 6 | 9 | 15 |
| Italy | 5 | 12 | 17 |
| France | 15 | 34 | 49 |
| Czech Republic | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Hungary | 6 | 13 | 19 |
| Canada | 1 | 4 | 5 |
| Belgium | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| Denmark | 19 | 46 | 65 |
| Germany | 6 | 11 | 17 |
| Norway | 3 | 4 | 7 |
| Sweden | 7 | 17 | 24 |
| Netherlands | 2 | 4 | 6 |
Outcome Measures