Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplant for Inherited Metabolic Disorders

• Number of Patients with Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD) by Severity [ Time Frame: Day 100 Post Transplant ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
• Number of Patients Died Peri-Transplant [ Time Frame: By Day 100 Post Transplant ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
• Donor Cell Chimerism Following Transplant [ Time Frame: Day 28, Day 42, Day 100, Month 6, Yearly Post Transplant ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

Rationale: Chemotherapy administration before a donor stem cell transplant is necessary to stop the patient's immune system from rejecting the donor's stem cells. When healthy stem cells from a donor are infused into the patient, the donor white blood cells can provide the missing enzyme that causes the metabolic disease. Sometimes the transplanted cells from a donor can make an immune response against the body's normal cells. Giving a monoclonal antibody, alemtuzumab, before transplant and cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil before and after transplant may stop this from happening. This may be an effective treatment for inherited metabolic disorders.

Purpose: The design of this study is to achieve donor cell engraftment in patients with standard-risk inherited metabolic diseases with limited peri-transplant morbidity and mortality. This will be achieved through the administration of the chemotherapy regimen described. The intention is to follow transplanted patient for years after transplant monitoring them for complications of their disease and assisting families with a multifaceted interdisciplinary approach.

Primary Objective:

• To estimate the proportion of patients with donor derived engraftment at day 100 post transplant as defined by 80% or greater donor cells in the CD3 (T cell) fraction

Secondary Objectives:

• To determine the incidence and severity of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) by day 100
• To determine the incidence of peri-transplant mortality (death by day 100)
• To monitor donor cell chimerism at various time points following allogeneic transplantation with this transplant regimen as determined at day 28, 42, 100, 6 months and yearly for 5 years.

• Mucopolysaccharidosis
• Hurler Syndrome
• Hunter Syndrome
• Maroteaux-Lamy Syndrome
• Sly Syndrome
• Alpha Mannosidosis
• Fucosidosis
• Aspartylglucosaminuria
• Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD)
• Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy (GLD)
• Krabbe Disease
• Metachromatic Leukodystrophy (MLD)
• Sphingolipidoses
• Peroxisomal Disorders

• Drug: Campath-1H
  Administered Days -21, -20 and -19, 0.3 mg/kg subcutaneously (SQ) or intravenously (IV)
  Other Name: Alemtuzumab
• Drug: Cyclophosphamide
  Administered days -10 through -6, 50 mg/kg/day intravenous (IV) over 2 hours - with Mesna continuous infusion or 5 times daily.
  Other Name: Cytoxan(R)
• Drug: Busulfan
  Administered every 6 hours: If < or = 12 kg then 1.1 mg/kg/dose intravenous (IV). If > 12 kg then 0.8 mg/kg/dose IV
  Other Name: Busulfex(R)
• Procedure: Allogeneic stem cell transplantation
  Administered > 24 hours after last dose of busulfan.
  Other Name: stem cell transplant
• Drug: Cyclosporine A

  2.5 mg/kg/dose intravenous (IV_ beginning on day -3. Frequency of daily dosing will be based on the recipient's body weight:

  • If body weight is ≤ 40 kg dosing will be 3 times daily
  • If body weight is > 40 kg dosing will be 2 times daily An attempt will be made to maintain a trough cyclosporine level of 250 mg/L to 350 mg/L. Once the patient can tolerate oral medications and has a normal gastrointestinal transit time, CsA will be converted to an oral form at a dose 2 times the current IV dose (maximum 12.5 mg/kg/day as initial oral dose).
  Other Name: CsA
• Drug: Mycophenolate Mofetil
  15 mg/kg/dose (max dose of 1gram) IV three times a day beginning on Day -3 at a dose based on body weight: The same dosage is used orally or intravenously. Stop MMF at day +42 or 7 days after engraftment achieved (ANC>500 x 10^6 neutrophils/L x 3 days and chimerism >90%), whichever is later.
  Other Name: MMF

Inclusion Criteria:

• Must have diagnosis of one of the following: mucopolysaccharidosis disorder, glycoprotein metabolic disorder, sphingolipidoses or inherited leukodystrophy, peroxisomal disorder or other inherited diseases of metabolism
• Must have an acceptable graft source as defined by University of Minnesota criteria
• Adequate organ function

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant - menstruating females must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 14 days of treatment start
• Evidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or known HIV positive serology