Study of Blood Samples From Older Patients at High Risk of Developing Prostate Cancer and From Healthy Male Participants

• Plasma levels of antioxidant enzymes as assessed by antioxidant enzyme assay, TBARS assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ Time Frame: at time of study entry ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  Blood (5ml) will be drawn from subjects for use in the various assays.
• Oxidative DNA damage as assessed by antioxidant enzyme assay, TBARS assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ Time Frame: at time of study entry ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  Blood (5ml) will be drawn from subjects for use in the various assays.

• Plasma levels of antioxidant enzymes as assessed by antioxidant enzyme assay, TBARS assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
• Oxidative DNA damage as assessed by antioxidant enzyme assay, TBARS assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

RATIONALE: Studying samples of blood in the laboratory from patients who are at high risk of developing prostate cancer may help doctors identify biomarkers related to cancer.

PURPOSE: This research study is looking at blood samples from patients at high risk of developing prostate cancer and from healthy male participants.

OBJECTIVES:

• To determine whether there are any changes in pro-oxidant-antioxidant profiles in patients who are at high risk for developing prostate cancer.
• To compare the profiles of these patients with those of healthy controls.

OUTLINE: Participants undergo blood sample collection. Samples are used to measure levels of antioxidant enzymes (i.e., glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, and reduced glutathione) and biomarkers of oxidative stress and DNA damage in leukocytes (i.e., thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS] and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine). Samples are analyzed via antioxidant enzyme assay, TBARS assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 40 participants (20 at high risk for developing prostate cancer and 20 healthy controls) will be accrued for this study.

Primary Care Clinic

• Precancerous Condition
• Prostate Cancer

• Other: immunoenzyme technique
  Participants undergo blood sample collection. Samples are used to measure levels of antioxidant enzymes (i.e., glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, and reduced glutathione) and biomarkers of oxidative stress and DNA damage in leukocytes (i.e., thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS] and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine). Samples are analyzed via antioxidant enzyme assay, TBARS assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
• Other: laboratory biomarker analysis
  Participants undergo blood sample collection. Samples are used to measure levels of antioxidant enzymes (i.e., glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, and reduced glutathione) and biomarkers of oxidative stress and DNA damage in leukocytes (i.e., thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS] and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine). Samples are analyzed via antioxidant enzyme assay, TBARS assay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

• High risk for developing prostate cancer
  Male subjects age 45-65 at high risk for developing prostate cancer.
  Interventions:

  • Other: immunoenzyme technique
  • Other: laboratory biomarker analysis
• Healthy participants
  Aged matched healthy participants
  Interventions:

  • Other: immunoenzyme technique
  • Other: laboratory biomarker analysis

DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

• Meets 1 of the following criteria:

  • Patient at high risk for developing prostate cancer, due to 1 of the following risk factors:

    • Histologically confirmed proliferative inflammatory atrophy and/or high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia lesions accompanied by chronic intraprostatic inflammation
    • Abnormality observed during digital rectal exam or transrectal ultrasonography

    • Continued elevated age-adjusted prostate-specific antigen (PSA) meeting at least 1 of the following criteria:

      • Screening PSA > 4.0 ng/mL
      • Free PSA < 18%
      • PSA velocity > 0.75 ng/mL within the past year

  • Healthy volunteer meeting the following criteria:

    • Age-matched
    • Normal PSA level (≤ 2.1 ng/mL)
    • Normal digital rectal exam
    • No prostatitis or benign prostate hyperplasia
    • No urinary symptoms (diagnosed or undiagnosed)
• No diagnosis of cancer

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

Patients and healthy controls:

• No chronic inflammatory conditions, especially those for which regular use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs) is prescribed/recommended, including any of the following:

  • Coronary heart disease
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
  • Psoriasis
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease
  • Multiple sclerosis
  • Arthritis
  • Lupus
  • Hashimoto thyroiditis
  • Inflammatory bowel disease (i.e., ulcerative colitis or Crohn disease)

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

• No prior radiotherapy or surgery to the prostate (healthy controls)