• Fugl-Meyer Stroke Scale [ Time Frame: M12 (12 months) ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
• NIH stroke scale [ Time Frame: M3 and M12 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
• MADRS depression scale [ Time Frame: M3 and M12 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
• Modified Rankin scale [ Time Frame: M3 and M12 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
• Mortality [ Time Frame: M3 and M12 ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]

Recovery from stroke is a major process and, except for acute intravenous thrombolysis, no treatment able to enhance recovery has yet been validated. Some drugs may have a positive effect when combined with physical rehabilitation. Previous studies have shown a potential effect of catecholaminergic drugs on cerebral plasticity of stroke patients. In 2001, our group has demonstrated in a small group of stroke patients (n=8) that a single dose of fluoxetine (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor - SSRI) improved motor performance and modulated cerebral plasticity. We conducted a phase IIb prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled study to assess the effect of a daily treatment with fluoxetin (20 mg) on motor performance in patients with mild to severe motor deficit after ischemic stroke.

We project to include in the study a maximum of 168 patients with a recent (5 to 10 days) ischemic stroke and unilateral motor deficit in order to obtain 100 completed patients. Nine stroke centers in France are involved.

Each patient will receive daily, during three months, 20 mg of fluoxetin or placebo.

Patients will be evaluated at inclusion, day 30, M3 (3 months), M12.

• Ischemic Stroke
• Motor Impairment

• Drug: fluoxetine
• Drug: placebo

• Experimental: fluoxetine
• Placebo Comparator: Placebo

• Pariente J, Loubinoux I, Carel C, Albucher JF, Leger A, Manelfe C, Rascol O, Chollet F. Fluoxetine modulates motor performance and cerebral activation of patients recovering from stroke. Ann Neurol. 2001 Dec;50(6):718-29.
• Dam M, Tonin P, De Boni A, Pizzolato G, Casson S, Ermani M, Freo U, Piron L, Battistin L. Effects of fluoxetine and maprotiline on functional recovery in poststroke hemiplegic patients undergoing rehabilitation therapy. Stroke. 1996 Jul;27(7):1211-4.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Men and women aged from 18 to 85
• No motor relapse from a previous stroke
• Inclusion from day 5 to day 10 after stroke
• Ischemic stroke with unilateral motor deficit
• Motor NIHSS ≥ 5 on the affected side of the body
• NIHSS < 20
• Fugl Meyer Motor Scale <55
• Modified Rankin Scale between 1 and 5
• Informed consent obtained from the subject or a member of his family

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant or breast-feeding woman
• Woman able to procreate without valid contraception
• Subject protected by law
• Concomitant disease with unfavourable prognosis within 1 year
• Drug addiction
• Allergy to fluoxetine
• Hepatic failure (TGO and TGP >2N)
• Permanent Renal failure (Creatinin >180micromol/l)
• Patients treated by tricyclic antidepressant, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, monoamine oxidase inhibitor (IMAO), and neuroleptics in the past month
• Depression requiring pharmacological treatment
• Previous stroke with motor relapse
• Fugl Meyer Motor Scale > 55
• Modified Rankin Scale = 0 or 6
• Patients needing carotid surgery within 3 months
• Aphasia preventing correct evaluation of motor and depression scales.