• Levels of SERCA protein
• Viral DNA and RNA
• Other relevant proteins e.g. phospholamban, the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium release channel, the Na+/Ca2+-exchanger.
• Function of isolated myocytes (depending on availability of cardiac tissue)
• Left ventricular function assessed by echocardiography
• Incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at 30 days [ Time Frame: 30 days ]

The aim of the study is to determine the safety and feasibility of giving an adeno-associated viral vector expressing the sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA2a), driven by the CMV promoter (AAV6-CMV-SERCA2a), to heart failure patients that have received a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) for an accepted clinical indication. It is a randomised, double-blind study of 16 patients that will be randomised to receive either the study drug (AAV6.SERCA2a) or placebo.

The purpose of gene transfer of SERCA2a is to improve systolic and diastolic function of the failing ventricle. Studies show that reduction of SERCA2a in failing ventricle is a key factor in depression of contraction, and that restoration of SERCA2a levels can improve function to near normal levels. The vector will be delivered during a cardiac catheterisation procedure by a 10-minute infusion into the coronary arteries.

Myocardial tissue is obtained at the time of LVAD placement, as a routine part of device implantation. Further samples will be obtained when the heart is transplanted or the LVAD removed. Measures of tissue inflammation as well as efficacy of gene transfer will be made by comparing these two samples. Recovery of contractile function of the heart will be assessed during attempts to wean patients from the LVAD using standard protocols.

The results will be assessed in conjunction with two companion studies which will start earlier in the US, one performing SERCA2a gene transfer with the same vector, but delivered by direct injection into the myocardium during LVAD insertion, and one using AAV1-CMV-SERCA2a delivered percutaneously in heart failure patients. The latter has both a dose-ranging and placebo-controlled arm.

• Advanced Heart Failure
• Patients That Have Received a Left Ventricular Assist Device

• Genetic: AAV6.SERCA2a
• Procedure: Placebo

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients that have had a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implanted
• Patients are clinically stable in the opinion of the clinical team looking after the patient
• Written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• 18 or >70 years
• LVAD implanted as destination therapy
• Pregnancy or within 6 months of giving birth
• Women of child-bearing potential not using an effective method of contraception
• Men not using an effective method of contraception
• Fever, leukocytosis, positive blood cultures, or clinical signs of sepsis at the time of LVAD implantation.
• Evidence of neutralising AAV antibodies at a titre of 1:4 or less as determined by serotyping in the month prior to the procedure.
• Patients participating in another clinical trial
• Patients unable to comply with the protocol mandated procedures for social or other reasons, in the opinion of the investigator and primary care physician