• The primary objective is to confirm the hypothesis that azithromycin plus chloroquine is noninferior to mefloquine for the treatment of symptomatic, uncomplicated malaria due to P. falciparum in Africa. [ Time Frame: duration of trial ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
• The primary endpoint of the study will be the asexual P. falciparum Parasite Clearance Rates (adjusted for molecular testing determining recrudescence, true failures, from reinfection, true cures) at Day 28 in the Parasitologic Per Protocol population. [ Time Frame: duration of trial ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

• A secondary objective is to assess the efficacy of azithromycin plus chloroquine. [ Time Frame: duration of trial ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
• Additional secondary objectives include an assessment of the safety and tolerability of all treatment regimens. [ Time Frame: duration of trial ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]

To compare Azithromycin plus Chloroquine versus Mefloquine to treat uncomplicated plasmodium falciparum malaria.

• Drug: Azithromycin plus Chloroquine
• Drug: Mefloquine

Inclusion Criteria:

• Females and males 18 years of age and older with uncomplicated, symptomatic malaria as as indicated by the presence of both of the following:
• Blood smears positive for Plasmodium falciparum asexual parasitemia between 1000 -100,000 parasites
• Documented fever (38.5 C/101.3 F rectal or tympanic; 37.5 C/99.5 F axillary or 38 C/100.4 F oral) or history of fever (as reported by subject) within the prior 24 hours.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Severe or complicated malaria.
• Pregnant or breast-feeding women.