Metabolomic Analysis of Lung Cancer

• glycolytic metabolism in plasma [ Time Frame: before and after 13-C-glucose infusion ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
• metabolic markers in urine [ Time Frame: collected during surgery ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
• metabolic markers in serum [ Time Frame: before and after 13-C-glucose infusion ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
• metabolic markers in bronchoalveolar fluid [ Time Frame: during diagnostic bronchoscopy or during surgery ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
• metabolic markers in expired breath [ Time Frame: during surgery ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

The purpose of this study is to learn more about the metabolic properties of lung cancer cells.

It has long been known that cancer cells absorb and break down substances in the body differently than healthy, non-cancer cells. This process of absorbing and breaking down substances is known as metabolism and is increased in cancer cells. Recent research suggests that this increased metabolic activity makes it easier for cancer cells to multiply. The objective of the study is to characterize the metabolism of glucose by lung tumors by serum metabolite analysis, using a variant of glucose (sugar) which makes up 1% of glucose in nature.

• Group 1 (experimental group): 250 lung cancer patients undergoing surgery, with 13-C-glucose infusion);
• Group 2 (control group): 250 lung cancer patients undergoing surgery, without 13-C-glucose infusion); and
• Group 3 (healthy subjects): 250 subjects to provide 1 blood sample and 1 urine sample.

• Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung
• Carcinoma, Small Cell Lung

• Group 1 (Experimental Group)
  250 subjects with suspected or confirmed lung cancer undergoing surgical resection, will receive 13-C-glucose prior to surgery
  Intervention: Other: 13-C-glucose
• Group 2 (Control Group)
  250 subjects with suspected or confirmed lung cancer undergoing surgical resection, will not receive 13-C-glucose prior to surgery
• Group 3 (Healthy Subjects)
  250 healthy subjects (must be at least 30 years of age and have no prior history of diagnosed lung cancer) will provide 1 blood sample and 1 urine sample.

Lung Cancer Patients (Groups 1 & 2)

Inclusion Criteria:

• patients with suspected, clinically diagnosed, or histologically diagnosed lung cancer. Occasionally, other cancers (including metastatic cancers to the lung) may be resected for the study as negative controls for NSCLC, as warranted by the particulars of the case.
• patients must have general medical conditions to allow them to undergo surgical resection of their primary tumor

Exclusion Criteria:

• history of diabetes for the experimental group (surgery + glucose); patients with a history of diabetes are allowed in the control group (surgery/no glucose)
• known hepatitis C or HIV (AIDS)

Healthy Subjects (Group 3)

Inclusion Criteria:

• at least 30 years of age
• preferably be fasting for 12 hours (minimum 8 hours) prior to enrollment

Exclusion Criteria:

• prior history of diagnosed lung cancer
• known hepatitis C or HIV (AIDS)