RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Combining more than one drug may kill more tumor cells. It is not yet known which combination chemotherapy regimen is more effective for non-small cell lung cancer.

PURPOSE: Randomized phase III trial to compare the effectiveness of carboplatin plus paclitaxel with or without tirapazamine in treating patients who have stage IIIB or stage IV non-small cell lung cancer.

OBJECTIVES:

• Compare the effects of paclitaxel and carboplatin with or without tirapazamine on progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with stage IV and selected stage IIIB non-small cell lung cancer.
• Compare response rates in patients treated with these regimens.
• Compare the toxic effects of these regimens in these patients.

OUTLINE: This is a randomized study. Patients are stratified according to weight loss (less than 5% vs 5% or more), stage of disease (IIIB vs IV), and lactate dehydrogenase level (normal vs abnormal). Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms.

• Arm I: Patients receive tirapazamine IV over 2 hours followed by paclitaxel IV over 3 hours and carboplatin IV over 30 minutes on day 1.
• Arm II: Patients receive paclitaxel and carboplatin as in arm I. Treatment continues every 21 days for a total of 6 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Patients are followed every 3 months for one year, and then every 6 months for 2 years, or until death.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: Approximately 500 patients (250 per arm) will be accrued for this study within 20 months.

• Drug: carboplatin
• Drug: paclitaxel
• Drug: tirapazamine

• Mack PC, Redman MW, Chansky K, Williamson SK, Farneth NC, Lara PN Jr, Franklin WA, Le QT, Crowley JJ, Gandara DR. Lower Osteopontin Plasma Levels Are Associated With Superior Outcomes in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Platinum-Based Chemotherapy: SWOG Study S0003. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Sep 8; [Epub ahead of print]
• Williamson SK, Crowley JJ, Lara PN Jr, McCoy J, Lau DH, Tucker RW, Mills GM, Gandara DR; Southwest Oncology Group Trial S0003. Phase III trial of paclitaxel plus carboplatin with or without tirapazamine in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: Southwest Oncology Group Trial S0003. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Dec 20;23(36):9097-104.
• Kimura T, Holland WS, Kawaguchi T, Williamson SK, Chansky K, Crowley JJ, Doroshow JH, Lenz HJ, Gandara DR, Gumerlock PH. Mutant DNA in plasma of lung cancer patients: potential for monitoring response to therapy. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2004 Jun;1022:55-60.
• Lara PN Jr, Redman MW, Kelly K, Edelman MJ, Williamson SK, Crowley JJ, Gandara DR; Southwest Oncology Group. Disease control rate at 8 weeks predicts clinical benefit in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: results from Southwest Oncology Group randomized trials. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Jan 20;26(3):463-7.

DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS:

• Histologically or cytologically proven newly diagnosed advanced primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including the following cellular types:

  • Adenocarcinoma
  • Large cell carcinoma
  • Squamous cell carcinoma
  • Unspecified carcinoma OR
• Recurrent disease after prior surgery and/or radiotherapy

• Stage IIIB disease

  • T4 lesion due to malignant pleural effusion OR

• Stage IV disease

  • Any T, any N, M1 (distant metastasis, including lesions in multiple lobes of the ipsilateral lung)

• Measurable or evaluable disease

  • Pleural effusions, ascites, and laboratory parameters not considered as only evidence of disease
  • Must be outside prior radiated field or area of prior surgical resection or new lesion must be present
• No known brain metastases

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS:

Age:

• 18 and over

Performance status:

• Zubrod 0-1

Life expectancy:

• Not specified

Hematopoietic:

• Absolute granulocyte count at least 1,500/mm^3
• Platelet count at least 100,000/mm^3
• Hemoglobin at least 9 g/dL

Hepatic:

• Bilirubin no greater than 2 times upper limit of normal (ULN)
• SGOT or SGPT no greater than 2 times ULN
• Alkaline phosphatase no greater than 2 times ULN

Renal:

• Creatinine no greater than ULN
• Creatinine clearance at least 50 mL/min

Other:

• Not pregnant or nursing
• Fertile patients must use effective contraception
• No peripheral neuropathy (motor or sensory) of grade 2 or greater
• No other malignancy within the past 5 years except adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, carcinoma in situ of the cervix, or stage I/II cancer in complete remission

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY:

Biologic therapy:

• No prior biologic therapy for NSCLC

Chemotherapy:

• No prior systemic chemotherapy for NSCLC

Endocrine therapy:

• Not specified

Radiotherapy:

• See Disease Characteristics
• At least 3 weeks since prior radiotherapy and recovered
• No concurrent radiotherapy

Surgery:

• See Disease Characteristics
• At least 2 weeks since prior thoracic or other major surgery and recovered