RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Combining more than one drug may kill more tumor cells.

PURPOSE: Randomized phase III trial to compare the effectiveness of paclitaxel with or without carboplatin in treating patients who have recurrent, stage IIIB, or stage IV non-small cell lung cancer.

OBJECTIVES: I. Compare the overall survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with paclitaxel alone or in combination with carboplatin. II. Compare the quality of life of these patients treated with these chemotherapy regimens. III. Compare the response rates and the toxic effects of the two regimens in this patient population.

OUTLINE: This is a randomized study. Patients are stratified according to stage of disease (stage IIIB vs stage IV vs recurrent or progressive after surgery and/or radiotherapy), performance status (0-1 vs 2), and age (under 70 vs 70 and over). Patients are randomized to one of two treatment arms. Arm I receives paclitaxel IV over 3 hours on day 1 of each course. Arm II receives paclitaxel as in Arm I, followed by carboplatin IV over 1 hour. Treatment is repeated every 21 days for 6 courses in the absence of tumor progression or unacceptable toxicity. Quality of life assessments are conducted before treatment and at 2, 6, 9, and 12 months. Patients are followed every 3 months for 2 years, then every 6 months until disease progression or death.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: This study will accrue 600 patients over 2 years.

• Drug: carboplatin
• Drug: paclitaxel
• Procedure: quality-of-life assessment

• Lilenbaum RC, Herndon JE 2nd, List MA, Desch C, Watson DM, Miller AA, Graziano SL, Perry MC, Saville W, Chahinian P, Weeks JC, Holland JC, Green MR. Single-agent versus combination chemotherapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: the cancer and leukemia group B (study 9730). J Clin Oncol. 2005 Jan 1;23(1):190-6.
• Lamont EB, Herndon JE 2nd, Weeks JC, Henderson IC, Lilenbaum R, Schilsky RL, Christakis NA; Cancer and Leukemia Group B. Measuring clinically significant chemotherapy-related toxicities using medicare claims from Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) trial participants. Med Care. 2008 Mar;46(3):303-8.
• Lamont EB, Herndon JE 2nd, Weeks JC, Henderson IC, Lilenbaum R, Schilsky RL, Christakis NA. Criterion validity of Medicare chemotherapy claims in Cancer and Leukemia Group B breast and lung cancer trial participants. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005 Jul 20;97(14):1080-3.

DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: Histologically or cytologically proven non-small cell lung cancer (adenocarcinoma, large cell, squamous cell, or mixture) Stage IIIB due to any of the following: Malignant pleural effusion Supraclavicular node involvement Contralateral hilar node involvement Not eligible for CALGB protocols of combined therapy and chest irradiation Stage IV Any stage that has recurred or progressed after surgery or radiotherapy Measurable or evaluable disease Does not include the following: Bone metastases Pleural or peritoneal effusions Irradiated lesions, unless progression documented after radiation therapy No CNS metastases

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS: Age: 18 and over Performance status: CALGB 0-2 Life expectancy: Not specified Hematopoietic: Granulocyte count at least 1500/mm3 Platelet count at least 100,000/mm3 Hepatic: Bilirubin less than 1.5 mg/dL SGOT less than 2 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) Renal: Creatinine no greater than 2 times ULN Other: No prior or concurrent malignancy except: Curatively treated carcinoma in situ of the cervix Curatively treated breast cancer Curatively treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer At least 5 years since any nonrecurrent primary tumor surgically resected without administration of adjuvant radiation therapy or chemotherapy HIV negative

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY: Biologic therapy: Not specified Chemotherapy: No prior chemotherapy No other concurrent chemotherapy Endocrine therapy: No concurrent hormones except steroids for adrenal failure, hormones for nondisease related conditions (e.g., insulin for diabetes), or dexamethasone Radiotherapy: At least 2 weeks since prior radiotherapy See Disease Characteristics Surgery: Prior surgery allowed See Disease Characteristics