Effects of Antimuscarinics on Cognition in Spinal Cord Injury

• d2 Test [ Time Frame: change from enrollement to 3 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  

• International Spinal Cord Injury Pain Basic Data Set [ Time Frame: day 0 and at 3 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Beck Depression Inventory Score [ Time Frame: day 0 and at 3 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• patient characteristics [ Time Frame: day 0 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  age
  
  
• type of neurologic lower urinary tract dysfunction [ Time Frame: day 0 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Stroop Test [ Time Frame: day 0 and at 3 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• California Verbal Learning Test [ Time Frame: day 0 and at 3 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• Verbal Fluency Test according to Thurstone [ Time Frame: day 0 and at 3 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  
• visuospatial performance [ Time Frame: day 0 and at 3 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  subtests from Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
  
  
• divided attention [ Time Frame: day 0 and at 3 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  subtests from test battery according to Zimmermann and Fimm
  
  
• patient characteristics [ Time Frame: day 0 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  sex
  
  
• patient characteristics [ Time Frame: day 0 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  date of injury
  
  
• patient characteristics [ Time Frame: day 0 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  tpe of accident
  
  
• patient characteristics [ Time Frame: day 0 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  Glasgow Coma Scale
  
  
• patient characteristics [ Time Frame: day 0 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  lesion level
  
  
• patient characteristics [ Time Frame: day 0 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  completeness of injury
  
  
• patient characteristics [ Time Frame: day 0 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
  ASIA impairment score
  
  

There will be two groups: 1) patients receiving antimuscarinic treatment 2) patients without antimuscarinic treatment (control).

The control group will be investigated in order to determine the effects of traumatic spinal cord injury on cognition and the natural history of potential cognitive impairment within the first three months after spinal cord injury.

Six to eight weeks after traumatic spinal cord injury, patients are examined in order to determine the type of neurogenic bladder dysfunction they are suffering from. Patients suffering from an overactive bladder will receive antimuscarinic treatment in order to prevent high urine storage and voiding pressures, that put the kidneys at risk.

Prior to the urologic examination, patients fulfilling inclusion criteria will be contacted. If informed consent is given, cognitive function will be evaluated in both patient groups using different standard neuropsychologic tests. The same neuropsychologic tests will be repeated three months later. Evaluation will take place under standardized conditions (e.g. time of day).

Furthermore,different factors influencing cognition, e.g. depression, pain, medication, will be assessed at the beginning and end of the study.