Ginger for Colorectal Cancer Prevention

Inclusion Criteria Normal Risk:

• 18 years or older and in good health as defined by an unremarkable medical history, physical and screening blood work (chemistry screen, complete blood count) within 60 days of study entry.
• No chronic medication use was allowed and participants could not have taken aspirin or related NSAIDs during the study or 14 days before the first dose of the study medication.
• Participants also had to be classified as being at normal-risk for developing colorectal cancer. Normal-risk was defined as having: no first-degree relatives with colon cancer diagnosed before the age of 60; no personal history of colorectal cancer and no adenomas >1 cm in size or containing carcinoma in situ

Exclusion Criteria for both Normal and Increased Risk for Colorectal Cancer:

1. a history of peptic ulcer disease, gastrointestinal bleeding from gastric or duodenal ulcers, or gastrin secreting tumors;
2. pregnant or lactating women;
3. history of cardiovascular disease;
4. lactose intolerance;
5. or an allergy to ginger
6. a history of familial colorectal cancer syndromes;.

Inclusion Criteria Increased Risk:

• 18 years or older and in good health as defined by an unremarkable medical history, physical and screening blood work (chemistry screen, complete blood count) within 60 days of study entry.
• No chronic medication use was allowed and participants could not have taken aspirin or related NSAIDs during the study or 14 days before the first dose of the study medication.
• Participants also had to be classified as being at increased-risk for developing colorectal cancer. Increased-risk is defined as having at least one of the following: a first-degree relatives with colon cancer diagnosed before the age of 60; a personal history of early stage colorectal cancer and/or no adenomas >1 cm in size or containing carcinoma in situ