Comparison of Therapeutic Regimens for Scleroderma Interstitial Lung Disease (The Scleroderma Lung Study II) (SLSII)
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Purpose
Scleroderma is a rare, long-term autoimmune disease in which normal tissue is replaced with dense, thick fibrous tissue. Normally, the immune system helps defend the body against disease and infection. In people with scleroderma, the immune system triggers fibroblast cells to produce too much of the protein collagen. The extra collagen becomes deposited in the skin and organs, causing hardening and thickening that is similar to the scarring process. Although scleroderma most often affects the skin, it also can affect other parts of the body, including the lungs, and in its most severe forms scleroderma can be life-threatening. Scleroderma-related interstitial lung disease is one example of a life-threatening scleroderma condition. In people with symptomatic scleroderma-related interstitial lung disease, scarring occurs in the delicate lung tissue, compromising lung function. The purpose of this study is to determine whether people with symptomatic scleroderma-related interstitial lung disease experience more respiratory benefits from treatment with a 2-year course of mycophenolate mofetil or treatment with a 1-year course of oral cyclophosphamide.
| Condition | Intervention | Phase |
|---|---|---|
|
Scleroderma Interstitial Lung Disease |
Drug: Mycophenolate mofetil Drug: Cyclophosphamide Drug: Placebo |
Phase 2 |
| Study Type: | Interventional |
| Study Design: | Allocation: Randomized Endpoint Classification: Safety/Efficacy Study Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Caregiver, Investigator, Outcomes Assessor) Primary Purpose: Treatment |
| Official Title: | Mycophenolate vs. Oral Cyclophosphamide in Scleroderma Interstitial Lung Disease (Scleroderma Lung Study II) |
- Forced vital capacity (FVC), as a percent of the age, height, gender, and ethnicity adjusted predicted value [ Time Frame: Measured at study entry and Months 3, 6, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
- Total lung capacity (TLC), as a percent of the age, height, gender, and ethnicity adjusted predicted value [ Time Frame: Measured at study entry and Months 3, 6, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
- Single-breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), as a percent of the age, height, gender, and ethnicity adjusted predicted value [ Time Frame: Measured at study entry and Months 3, 6, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
- Fibrosis score, as measured by thoracic high resolution computerized tomography [ Time Frame: Measured at study entry and Month 24 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
- Breathlessness, as assessed by the Mahler Modified Dyspnea Index [ Time Frame: Measured at study entry and Months 6, 12, 18, and 24 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
- Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and Health Utility, as assessed by validated questionnaires [ Time Frame: Measured at study entry and Months 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
- Skin involvement, as measured by the modified Rodnam skin thickness scores [ Time Frame: Measured at study entry and Months 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]
- Toxicity, as measured by adverse events, serious adverse events, and death [ Time Frame: Measured throughout the 2-year study ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
| Enrollment: | 142 |
| Study Start Date: | September 2009 |
| Estimated Study Completion Date: | June 2015 |
| Estimated Primary Completion Date: | December 2014 (Final data collection date for primary outcome measure) |
| Arms | Assigned Interventions |
|---|---|
|
Experimental: Mycophenolate Arm
Participants will receive oral mycophenolate mofetil for 2 years.
|
Drug: Mycophenolate mofetil
24 months of oral mycophenolate mofetil, up to a maximal dose of 1.5 grams twice daily as tolerated
Other Name: CellCept
|
|
Experimental: Cyclophosphamide Arm
Participants will receive oral cyclophosphamide for 1 year, followed by placebo for 1 year.
|
Drug: Cyclophosphamide
12 months of oral cyclophosphamide, up to a maximal dose of 2 mg/kg daily as tolerated
Other Name: Cytoxan
Drug: Placebo
12 months of placebo will be delivered to participants in the Cyclophosphamide arm during the second year in order to maintain the blind with the Mycophenolate arm, which receives drug for the entire 2 years.
Other Name: Sugar Pill
|
Detailed Description:
Interstitial lung disease describes a condition in which the lung tissue has become scarred or inflamed. Interstitial lung disease caused by scleroderma, specifically seen as progressive pulmonary fibrosis, occurs in approximately 40 percent of patients with scleroderma and has emerged as the leading overall cause of death.
In a previous study, the Scleroderma Lung Study I (SLS I), investigators evaluated a 1-year cyclophosphamide (CYC) treatment for people with scleroderma-related interstitial lung disease. The study results demonstrated statistically significant improvements in forced vital capacity, total lung capacity, dyspnea, Rodnan skin scores, and several measures of quality of life. However, when patients were followed for another year after completing their CYC therapy, the beneficial effects of CYC waned and were no longer significant by the 24-month follow-up. Preliminary information suggests that an alternative immunosuppressive medication, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), may be effective in treating this disease, be given for longer periods, and result in fewer side effects.
This study, the Scleroderma Lung Study II (SLS II), will compare the safety and efficacy of a 2-year treatment with MMF versus a 1-year treatment with CYC. Specifically, investigators will determine whether MMF produces similar or better improvements in lung capacity and fewer side effects throughout the entire 2-year period.
Participation will include about 21 study visits over a 2-year period. Eligible participants will be randomly assigned to receive either MMF twice daily for 2 years or CYC once daily for 1 year, followed by placebo for 1 year. Blood and urine samples will be collected every 2 weeks for the first 2 months and then once a month for the remainder of the study. Every 3 months, participants will attend study visits that will include pulmonary function tests, blood and urine sampling, a physical exam, and questionnaires about current health and medications. At the final study visit, participants will also undergo a high resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) scan and possibly a punch biopsy.
Eligibility| Ages Eligible for Study: | 18 Years and older |
| Genders Eligible for Study: | Both |
| Accepts Healthy Volunteers: | No |
Inclusion Criteria:
- The presence of either limited (cutaneous thickening distal but not proximal to elbows and knees, with or without facial involvement) or diffuse (cutaneous thickening proximal to elbows and knees, often involving the chest or abdomen) scleroderma, as determined by American College of Rheumatology criteria
- Dyspnea on exertion (grade 2 on the Magnitude of Task component of the Mahler Modified Dyspnea Index)
- FVC less than or equal to 80 percent of predicted value at screening and less than or equal to 85 percent predicted at baseline
- Onset of the first non-Raynaud manifestation of SSc within the prior 84 months
- Presence of any ground glass opacification on thoracic high resolution computerized tomography (HRCT)
- Repeat FVC at the baseline visit (Visit 2) within 10 percent of the FVC measured at screening and less than or equal to 85 percent predicted.
Exclusion Criteria:
- FVC less than 45 percent of predicted value at either screening or baseline
- Carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO) (HBg-corrected) less than 30 percent of predicted value and less than 40 percent of predicted when documentation of pulmonary artery pressures by echocardiogram, right heart catheterization or magnetic resonance imaging identifies clinically significant pulmonary hypertension. All participants with a DLCO less than 40 percent predicted must have documentation of pulmonary artery pressures in order to be considered for inclusion.
- FEV1/FVC ratio less than 65 percent at either screening or baseline
- Clinically significant abnormalities on HRCT not attributable to scleroderma
- Diagnosis of clinically significant resting pulmonary hypertension requiring treatment, as ascertained before study evaluation or as part of a standard of care clinical assessment performed outside of the study protocol
- Persistent unexplained hematuria (more than 10 red blood cells per high-power field [RBCs/hpf])
- History of persistent leukopenia (white blood cell count less than 4000) or thrombocytopenia (platelet count less than 150,000)
- Clinically significant anemia (less than 10g/dl)
- Baseline liver function test (LFTs) or bilirubin more than 1.5 times the upper limit of normal, other than that due to Gilbert's disease
- Concomitant and present use of captopril
- Serum creatinine more than 2.0mg/dL
- Uncontrolled congestive heart failure
- Pregnancy (documented by urine pregnancy test) and/or breast feeding
- Prior use of oral CYC or MMF for more than 8 weeks or the receipt of more than two intravenous doses of CYC in the past
- Use of CYC and/or MMF in the 30 days before random assignment
- Active infection (lung or elsewhere) whose management would be compromised by CYC or MMF
- Other serious concomitant medical illness (e.g., cancer), chronic debilitating illness (other than scleroderma), or unreliability or drug abuse that might compromise the patient's participation in the study
- Current use, or use within the 30 days prior to random assignment, of prednisone (or equivalent) in doses of more than 10 mg/day
- If of child bearing potential (a female participant <55 years of age who has not been postmenopausal for > 5 years and who has not had a hysterectomy and/or oophorectomy), failure to employ two reliable means of contraception (which may include surgical sterilization, barrier methods, spermicidals, intrauterine devices, and/or hormonal contraception).
- Use of contraindicated medications; more information on this criterion can be found in the study protocol
- Smoking of cigars, pipes, or cigarettes in the 6 months before study entry
- Use of medications with putative disease-modifying properties within the past month (e.g., D-penicillamine, azathioprine, methotrexate, Potaba)
Contacts and Locations| United States, California | |
| David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA | |
| Los Angeles, California, United States, 90095 | |
| University of California, San Francisco | |
| San Francisco, California, United States, 94143 | |
| United States, Colorado | |
| National Jewish Health | |
| Denver, Colorado, United States, 80206 | |
| United States, District of Columbia | |
| Georgetown University School of Medicine | |
| Washington, District of Columbia, United States, 20057 | |
| United States, Illinois | |
| Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University | |
| Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60611 | |
| University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Medicine | |
| Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60612 | |
| United States, Maryland | |
| Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine | |
| Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21205 | |
| United States, Massachusetts | |
| Boston University School of Medicine | |
| Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02118 | |
| United States, Michigan | |
| University of Michigan Medical School | |
| Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, 48109 | |
| United States, Minnesota | |
| University of Minnesota | |
| Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55454 | |
| United States, New Jersey | |
| University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School | |
| New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States, 08854 | |
| United States, South Carolina | |
| Medical University of South Carolina | |
| Charleston, South Carolina, United States, 29425 | |
| United States, Texas | |
| University of Texas Medical School at Houston | |
| Houston, Texas, United States, 77225 | |
| United States, Utah | |
| University of Utah | |
| Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, 84132 | |
| Principal Investigator: | Donald P. Tashkin, MD | University of California, Los Angeles |
| Principal Investigator: | Robert M. Elashoff, PhD | UCLA School of Public Health |
| Principal Investigator: | Michael D. Roth, MD | University of California, Los Angeles |
More Information
Publications:
| Responsible Party: | Philip Clements, Professor and Clinical Investigator, University of California, Los Angeles |
| ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: | NCT00883129 History of Changes |
| Other Study ID Numbers: | 632, R01HL089901, R01HL089758 |
| Study First Received: | April 16, 2009 |
| Last Updated: | April 20, 2013 |
| Health Authority: | United States: Food and Drug Administration United States: Data and Safety Monitoring Board |
Keywords provided by University of California, Los Angeles:
|
Systemic Sclerosis Mycophenolate Mofetil Cyclophosphamide High Resolution Computerized Tomography |
Pulmonary Function Dyspnea Health Related Quality of Life |
Additional relevant MeSH terms:
|
Scleroderma, Systemic Scleroderma, Diffuse Scleroderma, Localized Lung Diseases Pulmonary Fibrosis Lung Diseases, Interstitial Connective Tissue Diseases Skin Diseases Respiratory Tract Diseases Cyclophosphamide Mycophenolate mofetil Mycophenolic Acid Immunosuppressive Agents |
Immunologic Factors Physiological Effects of Drugs Pharmacologic Actions Antirheumatic Agents Therapeutic Uses Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating Alkylating Agents Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action Antineoplastic Agents Myeloablative Agonists Antibiotics, Antineoplastic Enzyme Inhibitors |
ClinicalTrials.gov processed this record on May 19, 2013