• INCLUSION CRITERIA:
• Age less than 18 years

• Diagnosis: recurrent or progressive:

  1. DIPG
  2. HGG
• Patients undergoing surgical resection must have measurable/evaluable disease prior to study entry.

• Histopathologic Diagnosis

  1. A histopathologic diagnosis is not required for patients with DIPG but a biopsy may be recommended if the patient has an atypical presentation or atypical findings on MR-imaging.
  2. Histopathologic confirmation for patients with HGG is required. If necrosis is suspected based on MR-imaging and Nuclear Medicine scans, biopsy or surgical resection for confirmation of disease progression may be required.

• Prior Therapy

  1. Patients must have received at least standard doses of radiation (i.e., greater than 54 Gy).
  2. Surgery/biopsy - Patients must be more than 2 weeks from any neurosurgical procedure and cleared by the Principal Investigator before undergoing CED.
  3. Radiation - Patients must be more than 4 weeks from last fraction of radiation to the target site
  4. Chemotherapy - Patients must not be on concurrent chemotherapy. The last dose of chemotherapy must be greater than 2 weeks prior to CED and the patient must have recovered from any toxic effects of prior therapy (to less than Grade 2 or baseline).
  5. Biologic therapy - Patients must be greater than 7 days from biologic therapy.
  6. Investigational therapy - Patients must be greater than 30 days from any investigational therapy.

• Patients must be healthy enough to tolerate surgery and general anesthesia in the opinion of the primary investigator. This includes, but is not limited to:

  1. Adequate baseline organ function, including an age-adjusted normal serum creatinine OR a creatinine clearance greater or equal to 60 mL/min/1.73m(2), total bilirubin less than 2 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) and direct bilirubin within normal limits. Patients with elevated SGPT (up to 5 times ULN) will be eligible if the elevation is attributed to steroid treatment.
  2. If neurological deficits are present, they must be stable for at least 1 week prior to registration.
• Patients must be able to undergo MR-imaging with gadolinium-based contrast administration (e.g. no ferrous-containing implants, no pacemakers, no allergy to contrast, etc).
• All patients or their legal guardians must sign a document of informed consent indicating their understanding of the investigational nature and the potential risks associated with this study. When appropriate, pediatric patients will be included in all discussions in order to obtain verbal and written assent.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

• Patients with an uncorrectable bleeding disorder
• Patients with multifocal or leptomeningeal disease
• Patients with signs of impending herniation or an acute intratumoral hemorrhage
• Patients on concurrent chemotherapy or biologic therapy for the treatment of their tumor
• Patients who are pregnant or breastfeeding, because of unknown effects of the study agent, the strong magnetic fields and Gadolinium containing contrast agents on the fetus; patients of child-bearing potential must be willing to practice an effective form of birth control, including abstinence, hormone therapy, intrauterine device, 2 barrier methods.