• To determine the safety of serial intradermal vaccinations of a DNA-based vaccine targeting PAP, with GM-CSF as an adjuvant, in patients with stage D0 prostate cancer [ Time Frame: During study treatment and for 15 year follow-up ] [ Designated as safety issue: Yes ]
• To determine whether PAP-specific IFNγ-secreting CD8+ T cells can be generated in patients with stage D0 prostate cancer by means of immunization with a plasmid DNA vaccine encoding PAP. [ Time Frame: 12 months ] [ Designated as safety issue: No ]

The investigators are trying to find new methods to treat prostate cancer. The approach they investigators are taking is to try to enhance patients own immune response against the cancer. In this study the investigators will be testing the safety of a vaccine that may be able to help the body fight prostate cancer.

The purpose of this research is to determine the safety of serial intradermal vaccinations of a DNA vaccine encoding human PAP, with GM-CSF as a vaccine adjuvant, in subjects with stage D0 prostate cancer. In addition, to determine whether PAP-specific IFNУ-secreting CD8+ T cells can be augmented in subjects with stage D0 prostate cancer by means of immunization with a plasmid DNA vaccine encoding PAP.

This is a phase I/II design where patients will receive the vaccine pTVG-HP with rhGM-CSF administered i.d. biweekly for 6 total doses. There will be three escalating dose cohorts. The dosing cohort considered to be the maximum tolerated dose level will be expanded up to a total of 16 patients.

• Experimental: pTVG-HP (dose 1: 100 μg) with rhGM-CSF (200 μg); administered i.d. biweekly for 6 total doses
• Experimental: pTVG-HP (dose 2: 500 μg) with rhGM-CSF (200 μg); administered i.d. biweekly for 6 total doses
• Experimental: pTVG-HP (dose 3: 1,500 μg) with rhGM-CSF (200 μg); administered i.d. biweekly for 6 total doses

Inclusion Criteria:

• Must have histologic diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the prostate
• Must have completed local therapy by surgery and/or ablative radiation therapy at least 2 months prior to entry.
• Must have clinical stage D0 disease defined by the following: In patients treated by surgery, serum PSA values must be > 2 ng/ml by two measurements at least two weeks apart. In patients treated with ablative radiation therapy, three consecutive increases in serum PSA must be documented, with at least a one month interval between values with the finalPSA > 2ng/ml.
• Prior history of a second malignancy is allowed if treated with curative intent disease free for > 5 years.
• Karnofsky performance score of > 70

Exclusion Criteria:

• No evidence of immunosuppression or have been treated with immunosuppressive therapy, such as chemotherapy, chronic treatment dose corticosteroids (greater than the equivalent of 10 mg prednisone per day), or radiation therapy to >30% of the bone marrow, within 6 months of the first vaccination.
• Must not be on concurrent androgen ablative (hormonal) therapy, or must have completed this therapy at least one month prior to study entry.
• Must not have demonstrated PSA progression during any prior hormonal therapy or chemotherapy.
• Must not have known evidence of bone metastases or non-regional lymph node involvement (stage D2 disease) as determined by bone scan or CT scan. -Must not have been treated previously with another investigational anti- tumor vaccine.